Industrialization
This invention allowed people to communicate rapidly over long distance using electrical signals.
What is the telegraph?
This railroad connected the eastern and western United States.
What is the Transcontinental Railroad?
This industrialist became famous for dominating the American Steel industry
Who is Andrew Carnegie?
The term "Gilded Age" describes the period of rapid economic growth following this major American conflict
What is the Civil War?
Organizations formed by workers to improve wages and working conditions are called these.
What are labor unions?
This inventor developed a practical electric bulb and built systems for distributing electricity.
Who is Thomas Edison?
The Transcontinental Railroad was completed in 1869 at this location.
What is Promontory Summit, Utah?
This businessman built Standard Oil into one of America's most powerful corporations.
Who is John D. Rockefeller?
The word "gilded" suggests that something looks wealthy or successful on the outside but hides these underneath
What are social/economic problems?
Workers often used this tactic by refusing to work until their demands were addressed.
What is a strike?
This process made steel cheaper and faster to produce
What is the Bessemer Process?
These immigrant groups provided much of the labor used to build the Transcontinental Railroad
Who were Chinese and Irish immigrants?
This term describes when a company controls most or all of an industry
What is a monopoly?
When were the Gilded Ages?
What is 1870-1900?
This major labor organization welcomed skilled and unskilled workers and pushed for reforms such as the eight-hour workday
What are the Knights of Labor?
Name TWO factors that helped industrialization grow rapidly in the US
natural resources, growing population/labor force, immigration, new inventions, railroads, investment capital
The federal government engouraged railroad construction by giving railroad companies large amounts of this
What are land grants?
Carnegie used this business strategy by controlling multiple stages of steel production
What is vertical integration?
Powerful organizations that controlled local politics and exchanged services for votes were known as these.
What are political machines?
This labor organization led by Samuel Gompers primarily represented skilled workers.
What is the American Federation of Labor (AFL)?
Explain one way industrialization changed American citites.
Rapid urbanization, factory growth, immigration, overcrowding/tenements, pollution, new jobs
Explain one major way railroads helped industrialization
Transported raw materials and finished goods, created national markets, encouraged settlement, increased demand for steel/coal
Rockefeller's Standard Oil became famous for using this strategy by taking control of competing companies in the same industry
What is horizontal integration?
The Gilded Age set the stage for which subsequent era of American history?
What is the Progressive Era?
Give three problems commonly experienced by industrial workers during the Gilded Age.
Low wages, long hours, unsafe conditions, child labor, lack of benefits, job insecurity, poor factory conditions,