Domestic Animals & Domestication
Name one of the five functions of domestic animals.
Food, clothing, power, recreation and companionship, or service.
What two parts make up a scientific name?
Genus & Species
Which livestock type is selected to produce milk efficiently?
Dairy
What is a Phenotype?
An animal's observable physical characteristics, such as coat color.
What is an allele?
A form of a gene
What is the difference between a wild animal and a domestic animal?
A wild animal lives without human intervention, while a domestic animal relies on humans and is bred through artificial selection.
What is the term for a young female cow that has not had her first calf?
Heifer
Which horse breed is known for speed over a quarter mile and is commonly used for ranch work?
Quarter Horse
What is the difference between natural selection and artificial selection?
Natural selection occurs without human intervention; artificial selection occurs when humans choose which animals reproduce.
What is the genotype BB called? (two words)
Homozygous Dominant
What do you call a wild animal that is genetically wild but has adapted behaviorally to be useful to humans?
a tame wild animal
What is a castrated male pig called?
Barrow
Which large draft horse breed has feathering on its white feet?
Clydesdale
Is rate of gain a qualitative or quantitative trait?
Quantitative.
What is the genotype Bb called? (one word)
Heterozygous
What is a feral animal?
An animal that was previously domestic but has returned to living wild.
What is the difference between a species and a breed?
A species consists of closely related animals that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. A breed is a group within a species with common origins and distinguishing characteristics.
What does dual-purpose mean in livestock production?
Animals are used to produce both meat and milk efficiently.
What does heritability describe?
The percentage to which a trait is affected by genetic information.
The breed-average birth weight is 75 pounds, and a bull's calves average 80 pounds. What is the bull's birth-weight EPD?
+5 pounds
Name three requirements for domestication.
the animal has a purpose and is valued; humans control its breeding; its survival depends on humans; its behavior changes; or structural characteristics may appear that are rare in the wild.
Name the mature male and mature female of sheep.
Ram & Ewe
Name two ways animal agriculture benefits people or land.
Any two: converts feed people cannot eat into food, helps maintain land fertility, allows use of range and other land, or provides animal protein and milk.
Name two reasons producers use artificial selection.
To improve livestock more rapidly, perpetuate desirable characteristics, or produce higher-quality and more consistent agricultural products.
A bull's daughters average 21 pounds for maternal milk, while the breed average is 25 pounds. What is the maternal milk EPD?
-4 pounds