Biomechanics
This law of motion states that an object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force.
Newtons First Law
This training principle states that training must be relevant to the activity or sport being performed.
What is specificity?
This energy system uses oxygen to resynthesise ATP and is the dominant system during prolonged, lower-intensity exercise.
What is the aerobic energy system?
What is the most appropiate test for a 400m runner?Coopers 12 minute run or Yo Yo test.
Yo Yo test
This immediate cardiovascular response to exercise involves an increase in the number of times the heart beats per minute.
What is an increase in heart rate?
A sprinter pushes backwards against the starting blocks and accelerates forwards. Name the biomechanical law explaining the equal and opposite forces involved.
What is Newton's Third Law of Motion?
This training principle involves gradually increasing the demands placed on the body as fitness improves.
What is progressive overload?
This energy system uses phosphocreatine to rapidly resynthesise ATP during short, explosive efforts.
What is ATP-CP?
This field test involves progressively increasing running speed in response to audio signals until the participant can no longer maintain the required pace.
What is the 20-metre shuttle run test?
This term describes the amount of blood pumped by the heart in one beat.
What is stroke volume?
This principle explains why increasing the time over which force is applied can reduce the impact force experienced during landing.
What is impulse-momentum?
This training principle explains why fitness improvements gradually disappear when training stops.
What is reversebility?
This energy system relies on anaerobic glycolysis and can produce ATP rapidly without directly requiring oxygen.
What is the anaerobic glycolysis system?
This fitness test measures how quickly an athlete can change direction while moving at speed, often using a course involving multiple turns.
What is illinois agility test?
This chronic adaptation to aerobic training allows more blood to be pumped per heartbeat at rest and during submaximal exercise.
What is an increased stroke volume?
This type of contraction occurs when a muscle produces force while lengthening, such as the quadriceps when controlling the lowering phase of a squat.
What is an eccentric contraction?
An athlete follows a training program designed to improve muscular strength. After several weeks, they switch to a program focused on muscular endurance to meet the demands of their sport. Which training principle involves changing the training stimulus to prevent a plateau and maintain adaptation?
What is variety?
During a 100-metre sprint, a runner initially relies heavily on one energy system. Name it and explain why it is suitable for the activity.
What is the ATP-PC system, because it rapidly resynthesises ATP to supply energy for short, explosive movements?
An athlete completes a vertical jump test to assess their explosive lower-body performance. Which fitness component is being assessed?
What is muscular power?
This training method involves alternating periods of work and recovery, such as repeated fast runs separated by slower jogging.
What is interval training?
An AFL player kicks a football, applying force to accelerate it. According to Newton’s Second Law of Motion, what three factors determine the acceleration of the football?
Force
Mass
Acceleration
A runner trains intensely every day without sufficient recovery and experiences declining performance, persistent fatigue and reduced motivation. What condition may they be experiencing?
What is overtraining?
During a long-distance race, all three energy systems contribute to ATP resynthesis. Which system generally provides the greatest contribution during sustained, submaximal running, and why?
What is the aerobic system, because it can continuously resynthesise ATP using oxygen and fuel sources over an extended period?
A coach wants to assess whether a fitness test produces consistent results when the same athlete completes it under similar conditions on different occasions. Which measurement quality is being assessed?
What is reliability?
An athlete performs repeated high-intensity efforts during a match. As recovery between efforts becomes insufficient, performance declines. Name the physiological process that helps restore phosphocreatine stores between efforts and identify the energy system that primarily supports this restoration.
What is aerobic metabolism, which supplies energy to support phosphocreatine resynthesis during recovery?