Three Branches
Which branch enforces federal laws?
Executive branch
How can the president stop a bill passed by Congress?
Veto
Which amendment protects freedom of speech and religion?
1st amendment
What territory did Jefferson purchase from France in 1803?
Louisiana Territory
What is the highest court in the United States?
supreme court
Which branch interprets laws?
Judicial branch
What number of votes does Congress need to override a president’s veto?
2/3rds
Which amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures?
4th amendment
What was the first document Thomas Jefferson created?
Declaration of independence
Which case established judicial review in 1803?
marbury v madison
What is the role of the legislative branch?
to make laws
Why do checks and balances exist?
So one branch does not become more powerful than another
Which amendment protects against cruel and unusual punishment?
8th amendment
What was the election of 1800?
tie between jefferson and burr. house of representatives broke the tie. jefferson won and became the 3rd president. led to a peaceful transfer of power between jefferson and adams
What is judicial review?
Deciding whether laws are unconstitutional or not
Who makes up Congress and how many members in each?
The Senate (100) and House of Representatives(435)
How does the Executive Branch check the Judicial Branch?
appointing/nominating federal judges?
Which amendment protects the right to a speedy public criminal trial and a lawyer?
6th amendment
What constitutional power did Jefferson use to justify the Louisiana Purchase?
make treaties
What is the term length for a US Supreme court justice?
lifetime
Name two positions in the executive branch.
President and Vice President; Cabinet secretaries also count.
Give two ways Congress can check the judicial branch.
Senate Confirmation: The Senate must approve or reject all presidential nominees to federal courts and the Supreme Court.
Constitutional Amendments: Congress can propose a constitutional amendment—with a two-thirds vote in both houses—to effectively overturn a Supreme Court ruling on the Constitution.
What is due process?
legal protections (found in the 5th and 14th Amendments) ensuring the government must respect all legal rights owed to a person.
Why did the Louisiana Purchase create a dilemma for Jefferson’s interpretation of the Constitution?
because he was a strict constructionist who believed the federal government only had powers explicitly listed in the Constitution, yet the document did not grant the president or Congress the power to buy or incorporate foreign territory, he used implied powers through the elastic clause to purchase the land
A formal written request asking the Supreme Court to review a lower court's case
petition of cert