Who
He was a former coachman and brilliant military strategist who rose to become the chief leader of the revolution and drafted the 1801 Constitution.
Who is Toussaint Louverture?
The August 1791 voodoo ceremony on the Northern Plain that served as a planning assembly where slaves swore to launch a coordinated uprising.
What is the Bois Caïman ceremony?
The year that French Civil Commissioner Sonthonax proclaimed the abolition of slavery in Saint-Domingue to secure black support against foreign invasion.
What is 1793?
After the execution of King Louis XVI, black rebel generals like Toussaint Louverture forged a strategic military alliance with this European empire to secure weapons and ammunition.
Who is Spain (or the Spanish Empire)?
The percentage weighting of Paper 1 on the standard level (SL) IB History assessment.
What is 30%?
This fierce rebel general, known for his uncompromising leadership, succeeded Toussaint, defeated the French at Vertières, and declared Haiti's independence.
Who is Jean-Jacques Dessalines?
Promulgated by Toussaint, this historic document forever abolished slavery, established equal opportunity regardless of color, but controversially named him governor-for-life.
What is the Constitution of 1801?
The year Jean-Jacques Dessalines officially declared the independence of Saint-Domingue under its ancestral name, Haiti, creating the first independent black republic.
What is 1804?
Terrified by the radical turn of the French Revolution, wealthy white planters committed treason by inviting this invading power to occupy Saint-Domingue and restore slavery.
Who is Great Britain?
In the static question design of Paper 1, this specific question (worth 6 marks) requires students to analyze how the context of Source C shapes its utility and limitations. Name the question number.
What is Question 2 (the context question)?
A prominent former urban slave and general who burned Le Cap in 1802 to block French troops, later led northern Haiti, and was crowned King.
Who is Henri Christophe?
The late 18th-century European intellectual and philosophical movement that championed natural rights, liberty, and equality, heavily influencing both the French and Haitian Revolutions.
What is the Enlightenment?
The year that the massive, coordinated slave uprising first erupted on Saint-Domingue's Northern Plain under Dutty Boukman, immediately following the ceremony at Bois Caïman.
What is 1791?
In 1802, recognizing that General Leclerc’s French expedition intended to restore chattel slavery, these two otherwise antagonistic non-white socio-economic factions on the island united.
Who are the free blacks (formerly enslaved) and the free people of color (gens de couleur libres/mulattoes)?
These four specified historical concepts must be threaded throughout the IB History course to guide conceptual analysis and evaluate different views.
What are Cause and Consequence, Continuity and Change, Perspectives, and Significance?
An enslaved Jamaican-born voodoo priest (oungan) who organized and led the historic Bois Caïman ceremony in August 1791.
Who is Dutty Boukman?
This pivotal document renamed Saint Domingue as Haiti. Signed by Dessalines.
What is the 1804 Declaration of Independence?
The year that King Charles X of France coerced Haitian President Jean-Pierre Boyer into signing a treaty requiring Haiti to pay a massive 150-million-franc indemnity in exchange for French recognition.
What is 1825?
In June 1793, facing defeat by invading forces and royalist white mutineers, French civil commissioners Sonthonax and Polverel formed a desperate military pact with this demographic group.
Who are the enslaved population (slaves)?
Under Criterion B of the Internal Assessment (IA) rubrics, students are evaluated on their ability to explain how up to seven chosen sources provide these.
What are diverse historical perspectives?
During the Haitian Revolution, he controlled 7,000 French troops in Saint-Domingue. His official title was Civil Commissioner. He was white but worked closely with L'Ouverture.
Who is Léger-Félicité Sonthonax?
This city was burned in one of the first major conflicts of the revolution.
What is the 1793 burning of Le Cap?
The year the French National Assembly passed the watershed law granting full political and civil rights to all free people of color (gens de couleur libres) born of free parents.
What is 1792?
This 1697 peace treaty represented a territorial settlement between these two European colonial powers, formally partitioning Hispaniola and granting France control of Saint-Domingue.
What is the Treaty of Ryswick? (Allies: France and Spain)
This Paper 1 command term, featured in the second static question, directs students to deconstruct a source's context to determine how it can be used.
What is 'Analyze'?