Hematopoiesis
What is the primary site of hematopoiesis during the seventh month of fetal gestation?
Bone marrow
Which organ plays a key role in recycling iron from old RBCs?
Spleen
Which condition is most likely associated with an increased neutrophil count?
Bacterial infection
Hemochromatosis is a disorder characterized by
excess total body iron and tissue damage
What is the term for a genetic condition where an individual has two hemoglobin mutations, such as one gene for βS and one for βs
homozygous
Which of the following best describes the process of 'culling' as performed by the spleen?
the natural or physiological removal of aged, damaged, or abnormal RBCs from circulation.
Which type of hemoglobin has the highest concentration in a normal adult?
HbA
What is the key functional role of basophils in an inflammatory response?
involve in allergic reactions by releasing histamine and heparin
The presence of significant polychromatophilia on a stained blood smear directly correlates with an elevation in which laboratory test result?
Reticulocyte count
The presence of numerous target cells, folded cells, and occasional intracellular crystals on a peripheral blood smear is most indicative of which condition?
Hemoglobin C Disease
What is the function of Fibroblasts in the BM
Part of the stromal cell network that helps create the microenvironment needed for blood cell development.
During extravascular hemolysis, what happens to the components of the destroyed hemoglobin molecule?
Iron and globin are conserved and reused, while catabolized.
Which cell is a key effector of innate immunity that recognizes and kills tumor cells or virus-infected cells.
Natural Killer (NK) cell
Which of the following laboratory findings would be most helpful in distinguishing intravascular hemolysis from extravascular hemolysis?
The presence of hemosideriuria
What causes red blood cells to assume a crescent shape in sickle cell anemia (SCA)?
Polymerization and shape change under low oxygen conditions
Which organ serves as the site for T lymphocyte maturation?
Thymus
What is the characteristic of methemoglobin (MetHb) that compromises its ability to transport oxygen?
The iron within the hem group is in the ferrric (Fe3+) state
A cell that functions in host defense against helminth parasites and allergic reactions is the
Eosinophil
Anemia can be classified morphologically based on RBC indices. What classification would apply to an anemia with an MCV of 72 fL and an MCHC of 30 g/dL?
Microcytic, hypochromic
Which hemoglobinopathy is characterized by a mild, asymptomatic, microcytic anemia and is most prevalent in people from Southeast Asia?
Hemoglobin E Disease
The Common Lymphoid Progenitor (CLP) cell is the precursor for which of the following cell lineages?
T and B lymphocytes
Which metabolic pathway in the erythrocyte is primarily responsible for producing ATP?
Glycolytic pathway
leukocyte with a kidney-bean-shaped nucleus, condensed chromatin.
Metamyelocyte
Which of the following lab findings is most consistent with iron deficiency anemia?
Low serum iron and high TIBC
Hemoglobin electrophoresis at pH 8.6. The results show two distinct bands: one at the position of Hemoglobin A and another at the position of Hemoglobin S. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Sickle Cell Trait (AS)
What is meant by the term 'extramedullary hematopoiesis'?
Blood cell production site other than the bone marrow
How does carboxyhemoglobin affect the oxygen dissociation curve and oxygen transport?
Tissue macrophages, such as Kupffer cells in the liver and alveolar macrophages in the lungs, originate from which circulating blood cell?
Monocyte
Lead poisoning results in anemia by directly inhibiting enzymes involved in which metabolic pathway?
Heme synthesis
What causes vaso-occlusion in sickle cell disease?
Rigid, sickled red blood cells block small blood vessels, reducing blood flow and causing tissue ischemia.