Pre-Post termers
Weak reflexes can be seen in these
What are pre-term deliveries
High-pitched, excessive crying, diaphoresis, difficulty feeding, poor sleep, tremors, diarrhea/vomiting and excessive sneezing/yawning are all signs of this condition.
What is NAS; neonatal abstinence syndrome
Preschoolers have increased fear over these two things
What is fear of pain and body invasion
This is considered abnormal finding in the gait of a 4-year old child
What is tip-toe walking
RDS (Respiratory distress syndrome) is caused by this
What is a decrease in the amount of surfactant (common in preterm newborns). Threat of preterm deliveries?....mother may be given betamethasone (prior to 34 weeks).
Leathery, peeling skin and macrosomia are seen in these
What are post-term deliveries
A condition of obstruction within the ventricles of the brain or an inadequate absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
What is hydrocephalus
This fear peaks between 7 months to 2 years of age
What is known as separation anxiety
Suspicion of physical abuse stems from this kind of bone fracture.
What is a spiral fracture
Wet lung or transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is caused by this
Residual amniotic fluid remaining in the newborn's lungs. Usually resolves within 3 days.
Macrosomic newborns are particularly at risk for this condition (associated with mothers who have diabetes)
What is hypoglycemia
A critical level/amount of bilirubin causing buildup in the brain and possible damage
What is called kernicterus. Remember that the worry with jaundice is irreversible brain damage.
What pain scale would be best suited for use with a toddler?
What is the FLACC scale
F-face L-legs A-activity C-cry C-consolability
0-2 points each criteria
0-3 mild 4-6 moderate 7-10 severe
Difficulty with movement, increased muscle tone and an abnormal "tiptoe or scissors-legs" gait are characteristic of this type of CP
What is known as spastic type
Cause of cystic fibrosis
Often used when a there is concern for pre-term delivery. Helps with surfactant production
What are ante-natal steroids/betamethasone. Pulse oximetry is used on the neonate to measure effectiveness.
Hourly assessments are done if the patient has this
What is an IV (intravenous) site
Involvement with these is often necessary when doing procedures on infants/young children
What is parental assistance
The 5 P's in neurovascular assessments include these
What is pain, pallor, pulse, paresthesia, and paralysis
Cystic fibrosis will cause the need for this lifelong
What are pancreatic enzymes
Increased lanugo, small flat breast buds, and thin, shiny skin are seen in these
Apgar scores in this range indicate the need for resuscitation interventions
What is 0-3
(4-6): monitoring or support
(7-10): Adequate transition to extrauterine life
Amount of time recommended (days ahead) to prepare a child for a hospitalization/surgery?
# years old=days ahead (approximately)
Under 3 years: A day or two before
3-5 years: 3-5 days ahead
6-10 years: A week ahead
11-16 years: 2 weeks ahead
Traction is used for the following reasons:
Realignment of bones
Reduction of muscle spasms
Relieve pressure on nerves
Immobilize/stabilize area while healing occurs
Cystic fibrosis can cause this condition in the gut/GI system of the newborn
What is known as a meconium ileus. It is a bowel obstruction that occurs when the meconium blocks a part of the small intestine called the ileum. Meconium ileus can also be seen in congenital Hirschsprung's disease.