Plate Boundaries
Places where tectonic plates move apart are called _______________ _____________.
What are divergent boundaries?
Also known as the Circum-Pacific Belt.
What is the Ring of Fire.
What is a slushy mixture made of molten rock, mineral crystals, and gases?
What is tephra?
Most earthquakes occur near the ___________ of tectonic plates.
What are boundaries or faults?
About _______ percent of the hydrosphere is contained in the oceans.
What is 97%?
What is Earth's internal energy source driving plate tectonics.
What are convection currents?
What type of volcano is a mountain with broad, gently sloping sides and a nearly circular base?
What is a shield volcano?
What is the physical property that describes a material's resistance to flow?
The vibrations of the ground produced during an earthquake are called _______ _______.
Which would run faster?
A: Water running down a steep slope
B: Water running through a flat plain
What is A?
Where denser plates sink into the mantle.
What is subduction?
The volcanoes in the Ring of Fire are formed by ____________.
What is subduction?
When violent volcanic eruptions send clouds of ash down a slope at very high speeds, these rapidly moving clouds of tephra that are mixed with hot, suffocating gases are called ________ _________.
What are pryoclastic flows?
The point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus is the _____________.
What is the epicenter?
The ability of a stream to transport material depends on ___________ and ____________.
What is velocity and the amount of water moving.
The convergence of two continental plates causes formation of ______________ _____________.
What are mountain chains?
The Hawaiian Islands formed from volcanism associated with ________ _______.
What are hot spots?
THIS determines a volcanoes explosivity.
What is the composition of magma?
S-waves do not travel through Earth’s center → that the core must be partly ______.
What is liquid?
Areas covered by excess water during times of flooding is known as the stream’s ___________.
What is a floodplain?
The term that is used when alternating magnetic fields on the surface of the ocean floor is observed?
Mantle plumes rise toward Earth's surface from the core-mantle boundary because they are:
A. Cooler and less dense
B. Hotter and less dense
C. Cooler and more dense
What is B?
What is the most significant factor that determines the composition of magma?
What is the amount of silica?
Catastrophic earthquakes with high intensity are called...?
What are shallow focus earthquakes?
The water cycle, also referred to as the ___________ __________.
What is the hydrologic cycle?