Whistles & Sirens
What does the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assess?
Eye opening
Verbal response
Motor response
what are the three level of burns
What is first second and third degree burns
This level of spinal cord injury typically results in tetraplegia and loss of respiratory function, requiring mechanical ventilation.
What is a C1-C4 spinal cord injury?
his patient position, commonly used to manage ICP
elevating the head of the bed to 30–45 degrees.
semi-Fowler's position- promotes venous drainage,
maintain head in neutral position
Prompt intervention is critical in retinal detachment because prolonged detachment can lead to this irreversible complication.
What is permanent vision loss
Name at least 4 things a nurse will inspect for when assessing breathing effectiveness in the trauma patient
Symmetry or paradoxical movement, accessory muscle use, respiratory rate/depth/effort, auscultation of lung sounds, trachea positioning (is it deviated or midline), crepitus, signs of pneumothorax (sucking chest wound), JVD, evidence of penetrating injury.
what are the four main sources of burns
What is thermal, chemicals, electricity, and radiation
The initial phase following a spinal cord injury is characterized by complete loss of reflexes, motor function, and sensation below the level of injury.
What is spinal shock?
This triad of symptoms—bradycardia, irregular respirations, and hypertension—is a late sign of increased intracranial pressure.
What is Cushing's triad?
Two important factors with abuse assessment
Assess for safety - remove from danger
Maintain chain of evidence
What is the acronym used to describe the ultrasound exam that is done at bedside in the trauma patient?
FAST
= Focused Assessment by Sonography in Trauma
For burn patients, fluid resuscitation is typically measured using this hourly output goal
What is 0.5 to 1 mL/kg/hr for adults or 30-50ml/hr
This life-threatening condition can occur in individuals with a spinal cord injury at T6 or above and is triggered by a noxious stimulus such as distended bladder, constipation, or tight clothing
What is autonomic dysreflexia?
This osmotic diuretic is often used to reduce cerebral edema and lower intracranial pressure.
What is mannitol?
Pulls fluid into the vascular space to be excreted by kidneys
This first step in managing a penetrating eye injury involves protecting the eye from further harm while avoiding any pressure on the globe.
What is stabilizing the object and covering opposite eye to decrease movement
What are the signs of hypovolemic shock
Altered LOC, restlessness, oliguria, tachycardia,
fast, shallow breathing, cool mottled skin, hypotension
What complication should you monitor for in a patient with burn injuries due to the release of potassium into circulation?
Cardiac Dysrhythmias
This medication is administered to reduce swelling and inflammation following a spinal cord injury.
Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used in the acute phase of spinal cord injury to decrease inflammation and improve outcomes
A positive result for these two signs, indicative of meningeal irritation, includes involuntary hip and knee flexion or resistance during leg extension.
What are Brudzinski’s sign and Kernig’s sign?
DIC in trauma Patients
What is an abnormal bleeding and clotting disorder manifested by fractures
Primary survey components
What is c spine stabilization, airway, breathing, circulation, disposition: neuro status, and environmental control/exposure?
This gastrointestinal complication, common in burn patients, typically caused by stress
Curling's ulcer
This device, often used to stabilize cervical fractures, is secured to the skull with pins and attached to a vest to immobilize the spine.
A halo vest provides cervical spine immobilization, crucial for healing spinal cord injuries while preventing further damage.
: This diagnostic test, performed prior to antibiotic administration, helps identify the causative organism in meningitis.
What is a lumbar puncture or spinal tap?
Goals for eye injuries
Pain free
maximum healing and eyesight restoration
not increase intra ocular pressure