Listen to this
(Chapter 5)
(Chapter 5)
This is the denotation of Listening
A process of selecting, attending to, creating meaning from, remembering, and responding to verbal and nonverbal messages
This is the definition of Disconfirming response.
And these are the types of Disconfirming Responses.
Types
Impervious, Interrupting, Irrelevant, Tangential, Impersonal, Incoherent, and Incongruous.
Complete Ogden and Richard's Triangle of Meaning:
A symbol is a word, sound, or visual image that represents something else, such as a thought, concept, or object.
A referent is the thing that a symbol represents.
A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of creating an image, _ _ _ _ _, concept, or experience triggered by a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ or
_ _ _ _ _ _.
A thought is the mental process of creating an image, sound, concept, or experience triggered by a referent or symbol.
This is the definition of Nonverbal Communication.
A package of simultaneous messages, rather than discrete messages of gesture, voice, touch, proxemics, olfactics, etc.
Chapter 5
What is selective listening and how does it affect relationships?
Selective Listening: letting preformed biases, prejudices, and stereotypes caused us to hear what we want to hear instead of listening to what a speaker actually says.
This key term is defined as the physiological process of decoding sounds.
This is the definition of Confirming responses.
And, these are the types of Confirming Responses.
Definition: a confirming response is an other-oriented statement that causes another person to value themselves more.
Types
Direct acknowledgement
Agreement about judgments
Supportive response
Clarifying response
Expression of positive feeling
Compliment
Adapting Responses
Paraphrasing
This is the definition of bypassing.
What is confusion caused by the same words meaning different things to different people.
These are the 8 Macro-expressions we maintain
S
C
A
D
F
I
S
H
Non-verbal Communication, True or False?
Question:
With careful calculation, you can easily Mask an Affect Display.
FALSE
With careful calculation you can Mask Affect Displays, but Leakage still occurs.
True or False: The listening process contains the following steps, in order:
Selecting, attending to, creating meaning from, remembering, and responding to verbal and non-verbal messages.
What is TRUE. And you should know the steps in order and what each does within the listening process.
What is the difference between a clarifying response and a tangential response?
Clarifying responses clarify information. Tangential responses acknowledge the other person but is only minimally related to what was being discussed.
Restricted code is a set of words / phrases that have a particular meaning to a person, group, or culture.
What is the difference between macro and micro-expressions?
Macro-expressions are easier to spot and last for 1/2 to 4 seconds.
Micro-expression: fleeting expressions, lasting for 1/2 second or less, and harder to spot than the naked eye (unless trained).
What are the characteristics of these four listening styles:
Relational Listeners
Analytical Listeners
Critical Listeners
Task-oriented Listeners
Relational Listeners prefer listening to people's feelings and emotions, searching for areas of interest.
Analytical Listeners focus on facts and tend to withhold judgment before reaching a specific conclusion. Analytical listeners tend to take the perspective of the person who they are listening to which helps suspend judgment.
Critical Listeners critical listeners are good at evaluating information they hear, honing in on inconsistency and what someone says. Critical listeners are comfortable listening to detail complex information.
Task-oriented Listeners are interested in focusing more on achieving a specific outcome or accomplishing a task rather than focusing on the communicative relationship when they listen to others. Task oriented listeners focus on verbs. What needs to be done?
True or False: The listening process starts all over again - after you stop listening.
What is TRUE
What is the difference between a fact and an inference?
A Fact: is something that has been directly observed to be true and thus proven true (by proxy).
An Inference: is a conclusion based on speculation.
Thinking that someone you knew in high school is the same exact person they would be five years from know is best related to what two-word key term from chapter 6?
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
What is static evaluation.
Defined as a pronouncement that does not take the possibility of change into consideration.
Each group: tell me one of the functions of nonverbal communication and the definition / what it does.
What is:
Accenting: is the use of a nonverbal message to emphasize or highlight the verbal message.
Substituting: is the use of a nonverbal message in place of a verbal message.
Contradicting: is the use of a nonverbal message that counteracts or conflicts with the verbal message.
Complementing: is the use of a nonverbal message that is consistent with, reinforces, clarifies, or adds to the meaning of the verbal message.
Repeating: is the use of a nonverbal message that represents the content of the verbal message; but can also stand alone and still stimulate the same meaning as the verbal message.
Regulating: the use of a nonverbal message to coordinate, manage, or regulate verbal interactions.
What questions do you have for me?
:)
Quiz 2 will consist of 30 multiple choice and/or true false questions (10 per section we’ve covered) at 2 points per question.
Chapter 5 (textbook)
Facts vs Inference
Listening (including stages of)
Hearing
Listening Styles (including people, action, and task orientation)
Listening Barriers
Confirming and Disconfirming responses
Confirming and Disconfirming response styles
Chapter 6 (textbook)
Key terms in section 6.1
(symbol, referent, thought, denotative, connotative, concrete vs arbitrary)
Concepts in section 6.2
(how words influence our perceptions, thoughts, actions, culture, and relationships
Concepts in section 6.3
(Word barriers that lead to misunderstandings, like bypassing, jargon, allness, restricted code, malapropism, static evaluation, polarization, hate speech)
Nonverbal Communication
(PDF reading on D2L + PowerPoint on D2L, chapter 7 materials folder)
Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal Behavior
Methodology
Functions (part 1): Macro-expressions, Micro-expressions, Ekman and Friesen’s External Variable Approach
Functions (part 2)
Illustrators (including batons, ideographs, pictographs)
Emblems
Regulators and Turn Cues
Adaptors / Manipulators
Affect Displays
Accenting, Regulating, Repeating, Contradicting, Substituting, Complimenting
Scenario:
Question: What key term is the best fit to describe i the meeting attendee's listening style?
Scenario: Jack and Jill went up the Hill in Washington D.C. for a meeting. During, Jack found the person they were meeting to be interruptive and rude. They looked at their watch a lot and ended the meeting the second a resolution was reached.
Question: What key term is the best fit to describe i the meeting attendee's listening style?
What is Time-oriented.
Other listening styles:
People-oriented, Task-oriented, Content-oriented
Social decentering: a cognitive process in which you take into account another person's thoughts, values, background, and perspective as you interact with them.
Socially decentering is remaining other-oriented. Thinking about how you might react - when / if they are.
Reflecting on what you know about the person - as a fact.
Consider how most people would act/react.
An emblem is also known as a _ _ _ _ _ _
What is a symbol.
What are the differences between Affect Displays and Adaptors?
Affect Displays: unintentional cues or behaviors that provides views of ones emotional state and/or mood.
Affect Displays: Highly unintentional behaviors or responses to boredom, stress, or negative feelings toward oneself or others.
FINAL JEOPARDY
What are the barriers of listening?
Conversational Narcissism, Emotional Noise, External and/or Internal Noise, Selective Listening, Ambush Listening Style, and Listener Apprehension.