Theoretical Perspectives
This Theorist suggests that individuals move through Psychosexual stages of development.
FREUD
This form of learning occurs through repeated pairing of two previously unrelated stimuli.
Classical Conditioning
_______ is the knowledge about and control over thought processes.
Metacognition
Tim finds it harder to focus in class when sitting next to Billy who is often loud and distracting. In order to do better the following week, he opts to sit next to Pat, far away from Billy. By removing the distraction from his immediate environment, Tim is practicing __________________.
Negative Reinforcement.
Attachment styles and norms can be blanketed across all cultures.
FALSE.
This Theorist suggests that individuals move through Socio-cognitive stages of development.
PIAGET
This form of learning occurs as a result of reinforcement and consequences.
Operant Conditioning
Bandura defines _________ as an individual’s beliefs in their ability to carry out a certain task.
Self-efficacy
After hitting her sister, Meg was sent into a time out. This is an example of ___________.
Punishment.
Praising effort versus ability in young children is related to more positive outcomes.
TRUE.
This Theorist suggests that individuals move through Psycho-social stages of development.
ERIKSON
This type of learning can result from watching others complete a task.
Observational Learning
_________ is the study of how a gene expression is altered by the environment.
Epigenetics
When a child learns the word for dog, they start to call all four-legged animals dogs. This is an example of _________.
Assimilation.
Attachment styles may change over the lifespan.
TRUE.
This Theorist suggests that individuals move through Socio-cultural stages of development.
VYGOTSKY
This, According to Vygotsky, is the difference of what a child knows and can do on their own and what they might have the potential to do given a supportive enough environment.
The Zone of Proximal Development
__________ is an attempt to prevent a problem before it occurs by promoting health and wellness in the general population.
Primary Prevention
When Maria does well on her test, she is given a gold star on her academic chart. This is likely to increase her motivation to perform well again. This technique is called __________.
Positive Reinforcement.
Infant temperament has no bearing on attachment styles.
FALSE.
This theorist developed a model of the interactive contexts in which children develop.
BRONFENBRENNER
According to Vygotsky this is the term for the help provided by more knowledgeable others.
Scaffolding
______ is the measure of how parents were able to match caregiving to child’s needs.
“goodness of fit”
People around a child appropriately correct their mislabeling saying, no, that’s not a dog, it’s a cat. Their schema for dog then gets modified to restrict it to only certain four-legged animals. This is an example of ___________.
Accommodation.
Rutter found babies with 0-1 risk factor had a 2% increased psychiatric risk, and those with 4+ risk factors had a 21% increased psychiatric risk.
TRUE.