Variables
The variable the therapist changes in an experiment
Independent variable
How well a study shows the intervention caused the behavior change
Internal validity
A research method where the participant serves as their own control.
Single-case design
This design removes and reintroduces an intervention.
Looking at graphs to understand behavior change.
Data interpretation
The behavior that is measured in a study
Dependent variable
Whether the results apply to other people or settings
External validity
Repeated measurement of behavior across time is a key feature of these studies
Continuous measurement
This design introduces intervention at different times across behaviors or people.
Multiple baseline designs
Examining graphs to determine if the intervention worked.
In ABA research, the independent variable is usually this
The intervention
Two common threats to internal validity include history and this
Maturation
Three components used to demonstrate experimental control in single-case research
Prediction, verification, and replication
This design compares two or more treatments quickly.
Multielement design
Determining whether behavior changes when intervention begins.
Evaluating treatment effects
The behavior that researchers collect data on
Target behavior
A threat to internal validity where outside events influence behavior
History
Behavior is measured across baseline and intervention phases
Phases of an experiment
This design gradually changes the goal or criterion.
Changing criterion design
Looking for patterns in data such as trend and variability.
Visual analysis
The relationship between the independent and dependent variable is called this
Functional relation
Internal validity is strong when behavior changes only after this
The intervention
Researchers examine graphs to determine if behavior changed after intervention
Visual analysis
A design that compares baseline and intervention phases repeatedly
ABAB design
Examining data from single-case designs to determine effectiveness.
Interpreting data