The Constitutional Convention
A government in which the citizens rule through elected representatives.
republic
the official approval of the Constitution, or of an amendment, by the states.
Ratification
The Constitution was different from the Articles of Confederation in what way?
Increased power of the national government
Created an executive and judicial branch
Added a Bill of Rights
a check on the Legislative Branch by the Executive Branch that allows the President to reject a law made by Congress
Veto
This Amendment gives all citizens the right to counsel, or a lawyer in a trial.
The 6th Amendment
This amendment limits the terms presidents can serve to two terms of 4 years.
The 22nd Amendment
Name a power of the president.
Veto, be commander in chief, nominate justices to the Supreme Court, pardon individuals for their crimes, give the State of the Union
Our first governing system that was eventually changed into the Constitution due to its many weaknesses.
Articles of Confederation
a supporter of the Constitution and of a strong national government.
Federalist
the provisions in the U.S. Constitution that prevent any branch of the U.S. government from dominating the other two branches.
Checks & Balances
This branch of government is in charge of making sure that the laws of the United States are obeyed. The President is the head of this branch and gets help from the Vice President, department heads (called Cabinet members), and heads of independent agencies.
The Executive Branch
This amendment made it unlawful for a government to make a private citizen house its soldiers.
The 3rd Amendment
This amendment grants African Americans the right to vote.
The 15th Amendment
The Supremacy Clause of the Constitution in Article 6 means that if a state law is in conflict with a national law, which law is supreme over the other?
national law
The compromise provided for a bicameral legislature, with representation in the House of Representatives according to population and in the Senate by equal numbers for each state.
The Great Compromise
against ratification of the Constitution and suggested creating the Bill of Rights
Antifederalist
The goal of this branch of government is to make laws
The Legislative Branch/ Congress
Identify 2 requirements to be President of the United States
The President must be at least 35 years of age, be a natural-born citizen, and must have lived in the United States for at least 14 years.
Which amendment protects you from an illegal search and seizure?
The 4th Amendment
The Amendment defines the right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote
26th
a body of people representing the states of the US, who formally cast votes for the election of the president and vice president.
The Electoral College
Which compromise at the Constitutional Convention related to determining how slaves would be counted toward state populations for representation and taxing purposes?
3/5 Compromise
A series of essays urging the ratification of the United States Constitution
The Federalist Papers
Identify 1 requirement of the three to be a Senator of the United States
at least thirty years of age; U.S. citizenship (at least nine years); and residency in the state a senator represents at the time of election.
The ____________is in charge of deciding the meaning of laws and whether or not laws are constitutional or unconstitutional.
The Judicial Branch
This amendment contains 5 freedoms and says the government cannot take away your right to free press, free speech, free religion, press and petition.
1st
This amendment grants woment the right to vote
The 19th Amendment
an uprising of debt-ridden Massachusetts farmers that raised concerns about the Articles of Confederation and led to creating the Constitution
Shay's Rebellion
Identify 3 weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Congress could not raise funds (tax), regulate trade, or conduct foreign policy without the voluntary agreement of the states, no exec or court system, unicameral Congress w limited representation
The principle in the Constitution that divides power between states and the national government.
Federalism
For a constitutional amendment that has passed Congress to become law, it must be approved by ________ of state legislatures, making the amendment process one that requires many people to agree to the change.
Three-fourths
For Congress to override a presidential veto of a bill, each house must pass the bill
2/3 majority
The Amendment prohibits excessive bail amounts and cruel and unusual punishment.
The 8th Amendment
This amendment abolishes the use of slavery in the United States
The 13th Amendment
The number of electoral college votes for each state is based off of _______.
the number of Senators and House of Representative members in Congress for each state
This part of the Articles of Confederation was successful in establishing a procedure for the admission of new states to the Union and banned slavery in the Northwest territories
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Who were the authors of The Federalist Papers?
John Jay, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton.
How are both the House of Representatives and Senate involved in checking the president's power through impeachment?
House of Reps: creates the articles of impeachment/charges against the president
Senate: holds a trial and votes by 2/3 on removal of the president from office
What was the purpose of the Preamble?
"We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America."
To document the goals of the country as a new form of government was being created.
The Amendment that protects citizens from testifying against themselves meaning you have the right to remain silent.
5th
The Amendment states that all people born in the US are citizens and have the right to equal protection under the law.
The 14th Amendment
Which political party favored ratifying the Constitution on order to increase the power of the national government?
Federalists