Roaring Culture
A young woman of the 1920s who defied conventional standards of conduct by wearing knee-length skirts and bold makeup, freely spending the money she earned on the latest fashions, dancing to jazz, and flaunting her liberated lifestyle.
Flapper
An organization formed during the Red Scare of the 1920s to protect free speech rights.
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)
The ban on the manufacture and sale of alcohol that went into effect in January 1920. Also called “prohibition,” the amendment was repealed in 1933.
The 18th Amendment
New forms of borrowing, such as auto loans and installment plans, flourished in the 1920s but helped trigger the Great Depression.
Consumer Credit
The 1925 trial of a biology teacher in Dayton, Tennessee, for violating his state’s ban on teaching evolution. The trial created a nationwide media frenzy and came to be seen as a showdown between urban and rural values.
The Scopes Trial
The rise of this technology allowed music and news to spread nationwide, helping migrants from the South bring their traditions to Northern cities, fueling new art forms like jazz and the Harlem Renaissance, and highlighting distinct regional identities.
The Radio
A federal law limiting annual immigration from each foreign country to no more than 2 percent of that nationality’s percentage of the U.S. population as it had stood in 1890. The law severely limited immigration, especially from Southern and Eastern Europe.
National Origins Act
In 1921, officials in this Oklahoma city armed and deputized white mobs, failing to enforce constitutional protections during the destruction of a prosperous Black community.
Tulsa
On October 29, 1929, this day saw the largest stock market collapse in U.S. history, signaling the beginning of the Great Depression.
Black Tuesday
an American industrialist known for revolutionizing the automobile industry by introducing new production techniques. His innovations not only made his items affordable for the average American but also transformed manufacturing processes across various industries, significantly impacting the economy and society during the early 20th century.
Henry Ford
A flourishing of African American artists, writers, intellectuals, and social leaders in the 1920s, centered in the neighborhood of New York City.
The Harlem Renaissance
A series of raids ordered by the Attorney General on radical organizations that peaked in January 1920, when federal agents arrest six thousand citizens and aliens and denied them access to legal council.
Palmer Raids
The 1923 Supreme Court case that voided a minimum wage for women workers in the District of Columbia, reversing many of the gains that had been achieved through the groundbreaking decision in Muller v. Oregon.
Adkins v. Children’s Hospital
A system of labor relations that stressed management’s responsibility for employees’ well-being.
Welfare Capitalism
Their conviction and subsequent execution in 1927 highlighted the intense anti-immigrant and anti-radical sentiments of the era, fueled by the Red Scare. This case exemplifies the social tensions, prejudice, and fears about radicalism that characterized American society in the 1920s.
Sacco and Vanzetti Trail
The migration of more than 400,000 African Americans from the rural South to the industrial cities of the North during and after World War I.
The Great Migration
Strategy by American business in the 1920s to keep workplaces free of unions, which included refusing to negotiate with trade unions and requiring workers to sign contracts pledging not to join a union.
The American Plan
The 1920 presidential campaign slogan of Warren G. Harding, meaning a return to the pre-WWI era of less government intervention, traditional values, and a focus on domestic economic growth over foreign entanglements.
"Return to Normalcy"
This group of Americans, concentrated in rural areas, experienced economic hardship during the 1920s despite national prosperity, a sign of uneven wealth distribution.
farmers/rural Americans
Nickname for scandal in which Interior Secretary Albert Fall accepted $300,000 in bribes for leasing oil reserves on public land in Teapot Dome, Wyoming. It was part of a larger pattern of corruption that marred Warren G. Harding’s presidency.
The Teapot Dome Scandal
This movement explored post-WWI disillusionment and featured writers like F. Scott Fitzgerald.
The Lost Generation
*DAILY DOUBLE*
A major strain of African American thought that emphasized black racial pride and autonomy. Present in black communities for centuries, it periodically came to the fore, as in Marcus Garvey’s pan-Africanist movement in the early twentieth century
Black Nationalism
The use of American foreign policy to stabilize the economies of foreign nations, especially in the Caribbean and South America, in order to benefit American commercial interests, between World War I and the early 1930s.
Dollar Diplomacy
Identify FOUR causes of the Great Depression
Speculation & buying on margin/credit
Overproduction
Underconsumption
Farmer Debt
African American leader during the 1920s who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated mass migration of African Americans back to Africa. Was deported to Jamaica in 1927.
Marcus Garvey