Water Properties
This property allows water molecules to stick to other water molecules.
What is cohesion?
This molecules provides long term energy storage.
What is a lipid?
Enzymes belong to this macromolecule group.
This organelle performs photosynthesis.
What is a chloroplast?
This organelle performs cellular respiration.
What is the mitochondria?
This property allows water molecules to stick to other substances.
What is adhesion?
DNA is classified as this macromolecule.
What are nucleic acids?
Enzymes must bind to specific substrates. This is known as the __________________ model.
What is Lock & Key?
Plants use this pigment to absorb sunlight.
What is a chlorophyll?
The main energy molecule produced during cellular respiration.
What is ATP?
What is capillary action?
Which macromolecule is considered to be non-polar?
What is a lipid?
Extreme temperatures or pH changes may cause an enzyme to _____.
Photosynthesis converts light energy into this type of energy.
What is chemical energy?
Cellular respiration requires these two reactants.
This property allows insects to walk across water.
What is surface tension?
A food sample contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Which macromolecule is most likely present?
What is a protein?
Enzymes are especially useful to humans because they help with ______________, which is the breakdown of food into nutrients.
What gas is released during photosynthesis?
Oxygen
Cellular respiration produces these three products.
What are ATP, Water, and CO2?
Why does ice float on liquid water?
Ice is less dense than liquid water.
A marathon runner relies heavily on this macromolecules for immediate energy during a race.
What are carbohydrates?
Enzymes are known as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering _________.
What is activation energy?
Explain the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
They are reverse processes of each other.
Aerobic respiration produces approximately how many ATP per glucose molecule?
36-38 ATP
Water is known as a universal solvent due to this uneven charge.
What is polarity?
Nucleic acids are composed of monomers called
What are nucleotides?
Why are enzymes not used up or discarding during reactions?
They can be reused.
State the balanced equation for photosynthesis.
6CO2 + 6H2O + Light --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
"I am the emergency backup processed used by muscle cells when O2 levels are too low. I allow ATP production to continue, but I am much less efficient than cellular respiration."
What is lactic acid fermentation?
A person's body temperature remains close to 37°C (98.6°F) even when they spend time outside on a hot summer day. Which property of water helps maintain this stable body temperature?
What is high specific heat?
A student removes all lipids from their diet. Which cellular structure (organelle) would be mostly affected?
What is the cell membrane?
An enzyme's active site changes shape. Predict the effect on the reaction.
Substrate can no longer bind, causing reaction rate to slow or stop.
A gardener notices that plants growing in the shade are shorter and have fewer leaves than plants growing in full sunlight. Using your knowledge of photosynthesis, explain why.
Plants in the shade receive less light, resulting in a lower rate of photosynthesis. Less glucose produced, the plants have less energy and fewer materials available for growth.
Why do muscle cells contain more mitochondria than skin cells?
Muscle cells require more energy to contract and move.