Chapter 1
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 10
100
What is Psychology
The scientific study of behavior and mental process
100
Define Orienting Reflex.
The tendency of an organism to orient its senses toward unexpected stimuli.
100
Describe what sensory memory is.
Information that comes from the eyes, ears, and other senses.
100
What is Cognition?
The way in which we use and store information.
100
What is Cognitive Dissonance Theory?
A theory that predicts that we will be motivated to change our attitudes and/or our behaviors to the extent that they cause us to feel cognitive dissonance, an uncomfortable physical state.
Cognitive dissonance is the mental discomfort experienced when a person holds two conflicting beliefs or when their actions don’t align with their beliefs.
200
What is a case study?
An in-depth observation of one or a few participants or settings.
200
What is Classical Conditioning?
learning that occurs when a stimulus that does not cause a particular response is paired with a stimulus that does cause the response, and, as a result, it also begins to cause the response.
200
What is working memory?
A collection of memory components that operate in a more parallel fashion, not a serial fashion.
200
What are concepts?
Mental Categories that contain related bits of knowledge.
200
Define a heuristic.
A shortcut
300
Explain what a positive correlation is.
A relationship in which increases in one variable correspond to an increase in the other variable.
300
Explain the extinction of a conditioned response.
The removal of conditioned response.
300
What are Declarative memories?
Memories for knowledge that can be easily verbalized: names, dates, events, concepts, and so on.
300
Describe intelligence.
abilities that enable you to adapt to your environment and behave in a goal-oriented way.
300
What is an individualistic culture, and give an example.
Open-ended.
400
Explain what a negative correlation is.
A relationship in which an increase in one variable corresponds to a decrease in the other.
400
Explain what contiguity is.
The degree to which two stimuli occur close together in time.
400
What is amnesia?
A condition in which a person can't recall certain declarative memories.
400
Alfred Binot viewed intelligence as a capacity to?
Find and maintain a purpose, adopt a strategy to reach that purpose, and evaluate the strategy so it can be adjusted as necessary.
400
Define In-group bias.
our tendency to favor people who belong to the same groups we do.
500
What are experiments used for?
Used to test casual hypothesis.
500
Who discovered the Law of effect and what is the Law of Effect?
A principle discovered by E. L. Thorndike, which states that behaviors that lead to positive consequences will be strengthened. A corollary to this law is that behaviors that lead to negative consequences will be weakened.
500
What happens in the retrieval of memory?
Information from long-term memory goes back into working memory or consciousness.
500
What is Knowledge?
information stored in our long-term memory about the world and how it works.
500
Give an example of stereotype threat.
Free response