Pyeloneprhitis & Glomerularnephritis
"This bacterial infection is the most common cause of pyelonephritis, often originating from an untreated UTI."
"What is an Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection?"
"This is the most common type of kidney stone, often linked to high oxalate intake from foods like spinach and nuts."
"What is a calcium oxalate stone?"
What is azithromycin, and what follow-up care should a client expect after receiving a positive test result for chlamydia?
What is typically prescribed for the treatment of chlamydia, and clients should avoid sexual activity until they and their partners have completed treatment. Only one dose is given.
What are the nursing interventions for a client newly diagnosed with BPH to improve their urinary symptoms?
Nurses should encourage clients to avoid drinking large amounts of fluids before bed to reduce nighttime urination and teach relaxation techniques.
"This distinguishing symptom of pyelonephritis, often absent in lower UTIs, includes fever, chills, and flank pain."
"What is systemic infection or fever with chills?"
"This imaging test is the gold standard for diagnosing kidney stones due to its high sensitivity and lack of contrast requirement."
"What is a non-contrast CT scan?"
This condition often results from untreated sexually transmitted infections, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea, and can cause symptoms like lower abdominal pain and fever.
What are the common causes and symptoms of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), and how is it typically managed.
How does the medication finasteride work in the treatment of BPH, and what adverse effects should clients be aware of?
This medication works by reducing the size of the prostate and may cause decreased libido as an adverse effect.
"A client with acute glomerulonephritis may have this substance in their urine, giving it a tea or cola-colored appearance."
"What is blood (hematuria)?"
"This minimally invasive procedure uses sound waves to break up kidney stones so they can pass more easily through the urinary tract."
"What is extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)?"
This long-term complication of PID results from scarring of the fallopian tubes, increasing the risk of infertility and ectopic pregnancy.
What is tubal factor infertility?
This condition is commonly characterized by difficulty starting urine flow and frequent urination, especially at night.
What are common symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and how do they affect urinary function?
"A recent infection with this type of bacteria, commonly causing strep throat, can lead to acute glomerulonephritis."
"What is Group A Streptococcus?"
"To reduce the risk of kidney stones, individuals should aim to consume at least this amount of fluid per day."
"What is 2-3 liters?"
This clinical sign, often assessed during a bimanual exam, is a key indicator of PID and is characterized by severe pain when the cervix is moved.
What is cervical motion tenderness (Chandelier sign)?
This procedure is commonly performed to relieve symptoms of BPH, especially when other treatments fail. It involves the removal of prostate tissue.
What is a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), and when is it indicated for BPH treatment?
"This lifestyle change is recommended to reduce the risk of pyelonephritis recurrence and improve kidney function."
"What is increasing fluid intake and proper hygiene?"
"This common symptom of kidney stones causes severe pain in the lower back or side, often spreading to the groin."
"What is flank pain?"
This common causative bacterial pathogen is responsible for many cases of PID and is often asymptomatic in early stages, increasing the risk of complications.
What is Chlamydia trachomatis?
What are the benefits of reducing fluid intake before bedtime in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?
This lifestyle change, often recommended for men with BPH, helps to alleviate urinary symptoms by reducing bladder irritation and promoting overall bladder health.