Meosis
Cell signaling/Cell cycle/Epigenetics
Mitosis
DNA Replication
Inheritance
Pedigrees
100
During which stage of cell division do homologous chromosomes separate?
a) Only during mitosis
b) Meiosis II and mitosis
c) Meiosis I
d) Meiosis II
c) Meiosis I
100
True or false: the cell in this figure has undergone S-phase?
False
100
During which phase of mitosis do the sister chromatids become individual chromosomes?
Telophase
Prophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
Cytokinesis
Anaphase
100
In the following diagram, the enzyme replacing RNA polymers with DNA would be:
a) Primase
b) Ligase
c) DNA Polymerase III
d) DNA Polymerase I
d) DNA Polymerase I
100
Hemophilia B is an X-linked recessive blood clotting disorder. Suppose that a male with hemophilia B has a child with a woman who is a carrier for hemophilia B. What is the probability that their son will be affected by hemophilia B?
100%
75%
50%
25%
50%
100
The following questions refer to the pedigree chart in the accompanying figure for a family, some of whose members exhibit the dominant trait, W. Affected individuals are indicated by a dark square or circle.
In generation IV, what is the genotype of individual 1?
WW
Ww
ww
ww
200
Which of the following is a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?
a) Meiosis produces genetically identical cells, while mitosis produces genetically unique cells.
b) Mitosis involves two rounds of cell division, while meiosis involves one.
c) Meiosis produces four identical haploid cells, while mitosis produces two unique diploid cells.
d) Meiosis produces four unique haploid cells, while mitosis produces two identical diploid cells.
d) Meiosis produces four unique haploid cells, while mitosis produces two identical diploid cells.
200
A parent cell has 12 un-replicated chromosomes. How many chromosomes does the cell have after S-phase?
12
200
The unlettered circle at the top of the accompanying figure shows a diploid nucleus with four chromosomes that have not yet replicated. There are two pairs of homologous chromosomes, one long and the other short. One haploid set is black, and the other is gray. The circles labeled A to E show various combinations of these chromosomes.
Which image represents the chromosomes after prophase of mitosis?
A
B
C
D
E
B
200
In the following diagram where are the lagging strand sections of DNA replication occurring?
A
B
C
A and D
B and C
B and C
200
Which of the following statements about independent assortment and/or segregation is correct?
a) The law of independent assortment requires describing two or more genes relative to one another.
b)The law of segregation requires describing two or more genes relative to one another.
c) The law of independent assortment is accounted for by observations of prophase I.
d) The law of segregation is accounted for by anaphase of mitosis
a) The law of independent assortment requires describing two or more genes relative to one another.
200
In humans, blue eyes are inherited as a recessive autosomal trait and color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait. A woman with blue eyes and normal color vision whose father was colorblind marries a man who also has normal color vision. He has brown eyes, but his mother had blue eyes.
Which is true
a) 1/2 of sons will have normal color vision and brown eyes; 1/2 sons will have normal color vision and blue eyes.
b)Their sons will all have normal color vision and brown eyes.
c) 1/4 of their sons will be color-blind and have blue eyes, 1/4 of their sons will be color-blind and have brown eyes, 1/4 of their sons will have normal color vision and blue eyes, 1/4 of their sons will have normal color vision and brown eyes.
d) Their sons will all have normal color vision and blue eyes
e) One-half of their sons will be color-blind with blue eyes; one-half of their sons will be color-blind and brown eyes
c) 1/4 of their sons will be color-blind and have blue eyes, 1/4 of their sons will be color-blind and have brown eyes, 1/4 of their sons will have normal color vision and blue eyes, 1/4 of their sons will have normal color vision and brown eyes.
300
After telophase II of meiosis in human cells, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is ________.
a) diploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid
b) diploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids
c) haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid
d) haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two sister chromatids
e) tetraploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids
d) haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid
300
The graph below shows a histogram of the number of cells in various stages of the cell cycle, as indicated by the amount of DNA contained in the cells (pg = picograms of DNA). Which of the following corresponds to cells actively undergoing S-phase?
A
B
C
B
300
The decline of the activity of the cyclin-CDK complex at the end of mitosis is due to ________.
a) the destruction of the protein kinase CDK
b) decreased synthesis of CDK
c) the degradation of cyclin
d) the accumulation of cyclin
c) the degradation of cyclin
300
The replication fork is defined by the location of:
a) Topoisomerase
b) Telomerase
c) Helicase
d) DNA Polymerase III
c) Helicase
300
In peas, yellow color (Y) and round seeds (R) are dominant traits. Wrinkled (r) and green (y) are recessive traits. You cross a RrYy female with a RrYY male. What is the probability that the offspring will be green and wrinkled?
0
1/16
3/16
4/16
0
300
The pedigree at the right shows the inheritance of a genetic disorder within a Southern Californian family. Use the pedigree to answer the following question.
Suppose that the female marked W had a child with a male who was heterozygous for this allele. What are the chances that their child is affected with this disorder?
100%
75%
50%
25%
0%
25%
400
If a cell has completed meiosis II, which of the following is an appropriate description of its contents?
a) It has half the amount of chromosomes as the cell that began meiosis.
b) It has the same number of chromosomes as the cell that began meiosis, but each of them has different alleles than another cell from the same meiosis.
c) It has one-fourth the DNA and one-half the chromosomes as the parent cell in G0
d) It is identical in content to another cell formed from the same mieoisis I event
a) It has half the amount of chromosomes as the cell that began meiosis.
400
Based on the structure of cortisol, do you think it binds to a membrane receptor, or an intracellular receptor?
Intracellular receptor
400
An anti-cancer drug targets the attachment of the mitotic spindle to the kinetochore. This occurs in which phase?
Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Prometaphase
400
Okazaki fragments are synthesized in the ________ direction as helicase is moving.
a) Same
b) Opposite
b) Opposite
400
In peas, yellow color (Y) and round seeds (R) are dominant traits. Wrinkled (r) and green (y) are recessive traits on different chromosomes. You cross a RrYy female with a RrYY male. The R and Y genes are not inherited together due to the:
Law of Independent Assortment
Law of Segregation
Law of Independent Assortment
400
The following questions refer to the pedigree chart in the accompanying figure for a family, some of whose members exhibit the dominant trait, W. Affected individuals are indicated by a dark square or circle.
What are the chances that an offspring of the parents in generation I are homozygous recessive?
100%
75%
50%
25%
0%
50%
500
Which of the following statements about meiosis is TRUE?
a)Crossing over occurs in meiosis II
b) Meiosis I is more similar to mitosis than meiosis II is to mitosis
c) In humans, four daughter cells with 46 chromosomes each are formed after meiosis II
d) The law of independent assortment states that how one pair of homologous chromosomes sorts into the daughter cells will have no influence on how another pair of homologous chromosomes will sort into the daughter cells
d) The law of independent assortment states that how one pair of homologous chromosomes sorts into the daughter cells will have no influence on how another pair of homologous chromosomes will sort into the daughter cells
500
How might an activated transcription factor activate the transcription of its target gene?
a) The transcription factor may methylate the DNA
b) The transcription factor may acetylate the DNA
c) The transcription factor may acetylate the histone proteins bound to the DNA
d) The transcription factor may phosphorylate the DNA
b) The transcription factor may acetylate the histone proteins bound to the DNA
500
Which of the following is an example of a cancer cell bypassing a G2-checkpoint?
a) A cell duplicates without proper formation of spindle fibers.
b) A cell continues through metaphase I even without homologous chromosomes forming synaptic complexes.
c) A cell continues to grow even though its chromosomes do not condense
d) A skin cancer cell continues to grow without all of its chromosomes having sister chromatids
d) A skin cancer cell continues to grow without all of its chromosomes having sister chromatids
500
In the following diagram, the blue arrows are both pointing towards the:
a) 5' end of the new complementary strand
b) 3' end of the new complementary strand
b) 3' end of the new complementary strand
500
Which of the following best describes the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance?
A. Incomplete dominance results in a blended phenotype, while codominance results in a blended phenotype with spots.
B. Incomplete dominance shows an intermediate phenotype, while codominance shows both traits expressed equally at the same time.
C. Incomplete dominance shows both traits expressed equally, while codominance results in a blended phenotype.
D. Incomplete dominance is a form of simple Mendelian dominance, while codominance is a more complex form of inheritance
B. Incomplete dominance shows an intermediate phenotype, while codominance shows both traits expressed equally at the same time.
500
The pedigree below shows the inheritance of a genetic disorder within a Southern Californian family. Use the pedigree to answer the following question.
What is the mode of inheritance for this genetic disorder?
Autosomal dominant
Autosomal recessive
X-linked dominant
X-linked recessive
Autosomal recessive