The US Enters WWI
This 1894 agreement between Russia and France was created because both nations feared Germany and Austria-Hungary.
What is the Franco-Russian Alliance?
This agency coordinated the production of war materials and even told manufacturers what they could produce.
What is the War Industries Board (WIB)?
To protect themselves from powerful artillery guns that caused massive casualties, soldiers began digging these.
What are trenches?
President Wilson’s peace plan, brought to Paris in 1919, was known by this name.
What are the Fourteen Points?
After World War I, workers wanted higher wages because of rising prices, while companies resisted due to this economic problem increasing operating costs.
What is inflation?
This policy, meaning the strong buildup of armed forces to intimidate and threaten other nations, grew as European alliances formed.
What is militarism?
To help fund the $32 billion war effort, Congress raised taxes and also sold these two types of government bonds.
What are Liberty Bonds and Victory Bonds?
This deadly stretch of land between opposing trenches was crossed during assaults and caused huge numbers of casualties.
What is “No Man’s Land”?
Among his first five points, Wilson called for these policies—such as free trade and open diplomacy—to eliminate the causes of war.
What are disarmament, free trade, freedom of the seas, open diplomacy, and fair colonial adjustments?
In Seattle, this type of strike—where all workers in a community stop working—paralyzed the city for five days.
What is a general strike?
This Bosnian revolutionary assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife in 1914.
Who is Gavrilo Princip?
Created in 1918, this board worked to prevent strikes by pressuring industries to improve wages, shorten workdays, and allow unions to organize.
What is the National War Labor Board (NWLB)?
This psychological condition caused by constant explosions and trauma left soldiers with uncontrollable shaking, nightmares, and emotional breakdowns.
What is shell shock?
Wilson’s next eight points focused on this principle, which stated that borders should be based on ethnicity and national identity.
What is national self-determination?
During the Boston Police Strike, this Massachusetts governor gained national attention by calling in the National Guard and supporting the firing of striking officers.
Who is Calvin Coolidge?
Although many Americans supported one side or the other, the United States stayed in this position for more than two years.
What is neutrality?
A major labor shift occurred when this industrialist sent agents to the South to recruit African American workers, starting a trend followed by other companies.
Who is Henry Ford?
One common approach to treating shell shock involved removing soldiers from the front lines and placing them in these calm, low-stress locations.
What are quiet rest areas?
Wilson’s final point called for the creation of this international organization meant to preserve peace and protect nations’ political independence.
What is the League of Nations?
Anger over job competition, layoffs, and returning soldiers struggling to find work helped spark these violent events in 1919.
What are race riots?
This British passenger ship was sunk by a German U-boat in 1915, killing 128 Americans and angering the United States.
What is the Lusitania?
This 1918 law made it illegal to publicly speak against the war and, along with the Espionage Act, resulted in over 2,000 convictions.
What is the Sedition Act of 1918?
Because understanding of psychological trauma was limited, some doctors used harsh treatments for severe shell shock, including this painful electrical procedure.
What is electric shock therapy?
This group of senators refused to support the Treaty of Versailles under any circumstances, believing an international organization would endanger Americans.
Who were the Irreconcilables?
The 1919 racial riots began when angry whites attacked an African American neighborhood in this Texas city, burning shops and homes.
What is Longview, Texas?