Chapter 1
What are the different levels of classification (highest to lowest)
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Atoms with full valence shells are ______?
Inert
What substance makes up 70-95% of cells and makes life possible?
Water
What functional group is >C=O?
What bond joins amino acids together in a protein?
Peptide bond
DNA transcribed to RNA which is translated into proteins is called the?
Central Dogma
When a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one electronegative atom is also attracted to another electronegative atom this type of bond forms
hydrogen bond
Surface tension is an example of what property of water?
Cohesive behavior
Compounds that have the same # of atoms but the atoms differ in their spatial arrangements due to the inflexibility of double bonds.
Geometric isomers (cis-trans isomers)
Proteins have multiple levels of structure. When hydrogen bonding of the peptide backbone causes the amino acids to fold into a repeating pattern, this is called?
secondary structure
This type of regulation is where the accumulation of an end product speeds up production of that product
Positive feedback
These types of interactions allow a gecko to climb up a wall
Van der Waals
What is a liquid called that is a completely homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
A solution
Petroleum, which fuels cars, is an example of a/an?
Hydrocarbon
What molecules (proteins) assist with protein folding?
Chaperonins
A statement can only be considered a scientific hypothesis if?
It is testable and falsifiable
The starting molecules of a chemical reaction are called?
Reactants
What type of bonds do water molecules tend to form with each other?
Hydrogen bonds
What functional group is -COOH?
Carboxyl
A large biomolecule that contains a nitrogenous base, a 5-carbon sugar (pentose), and one or more phosphate groups would be called a?
Nucleic acid
The limbs of whales, birds, horses, bats and humans look very different but share the same five fingered bone structure. This demonstrates what?
Living things exhibit great underlying unity
_____ is a bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Ionic bond
Why does ice float on water?
Hydrogen bonding makes the structure more ordered (expands)
What functional group is -CH3
Methyl
This molecule consists of two strands that run anti-parallel to each other and contain the bases A, T, C and G.
DNA