Plate tectonics
Earth surface is covered by a layer of rocks called ____
crust
Name three major plate boundaries
Convergent, divergent and transform boundary
Name the Scientist who proposed continental drift theory
Alfred Wagner
What is evidence?
Evidence is pieces of information or facts that help prove something to be true.
What are hotspots for volcanoes?
Volcanoes can also be found in areas away from plate boundaries. These areas are known as “hotspots.”
Hotspots are regions in Earth where hot columns of magma (called mantle plumes) rise to Earth’s surface.
Tectonic plates can move ____ each other, move ___ from each other or slide____ each other
towards, away, past
Name three types of convergent plate boundaries
Oceanic- Oceanic convergence
Oceanic- Continental convergence
Continental - Continental convergence
What year was the continental Drift theory proposed
1915
Wegener had 3 major types of evidence to prove his theory. Name them
Landform evidence
Geology evidence
Fossil evidence
How are volcanic islands formed?
Volcanic islands form by volcanic activity on the ocean floor. Over time, lava that flows from the volcano builds up until it breaks the surface of the ocean.
Name the two types of crust that can cover a tectonic plate
Oceanic, continental
What is Ocean Ridge?
Underwater mountain system with a rift or valley
According to the Continental Drift Theory what happened 250 mya
The continents were combined as a supercontinent known as Pangaea.
What are landform evidence?
Mountains and other landforms on separate continents seem to be continuous. The only way the landforms could be continuous is if the continents were once combined together as Pangaea.
What are the three types of fault for earthquakes?
There are three types of faults:
Normal Fault
Reverse Fault
Strike-Slip Fault
What happens when an oceanic plate converges or collides with a continental plate?
When an oceanic plate converges or collides with a continental plate, the oceanic plate sinks or subducts below the continental plate because it’s denser.
_____ boundaries are where hot mantle rises
______ boundaries are where cool mantle sinks
convergent, divergent
According to the Continental Drift Theory 200 mya Pangaea began to break up. A rift began to separate Pangaea into a northern and southern land mass. The two huge land masses became known as _____ and ______.
Laurasia Gondwana or Gondwanaland.
What are geological evidence for Pangea?
Rocks, minerals and natural resources on separate continents are consistent with each other and are found in locations that suggest the continents were once joined together.
What is Seismology?
Seismology is the study of earthquakes and seismic waves.
a) When tectonic plates move away from each other lithosphere is _______________
b)When tectonic plates move towards from each other lithosphere is _______________
c)When plates slide past each other, they “grind,” which creates disturbances such as _______
a) created
b) destroyed
c) earthquakes
a)The top portion of the mantle is ______. The rocks there are ______
b) The lower portion of the mantle is ______. The rocks there are ______
a) asthenosphere, plastic like
b) mesosphere, rigid
According to the Continental Drift Theory what happened 65 mya
The continents began taking on a recognizable form, water covered the area now known as Central America, India was on the way to collide with Eurasia.
What are fossil evidence for Pangea?
There are similar fossils dating to the same time period found on separate continents.
What are the three stages for formation of a volcanic island?
There are three stages to a formation of a Volcanic Island:
Submarine phase:
Explosive Phase
Subaerial Phase