Relative Clauses
❓ Join the sentences using a defining relative clause with who or that:
The woman is our new music teacher.
The woman moved here from Ireland last year.
The woman who/that moved here from Ireland last year is our new music teacher.
Complete with the correct phrasal verb:
I don’t earn much, but I manage to ________.
It started to ________ heavily, so we stayed inside.
get by
come down
❓ Change both sentences to the passive:
Someone is repairing my watch.
People grow a lot of tea in India.
My watch is being repaired.
A lot of tea is grown in India.
❓ Identify the type of conditional (0, 1st, 2nd, or 3rd) and complete:
If you heat oil too much, it ______ (catch) fire.
Type: Zero Conditional
catches
If → Unless
Paraphrase:
If she doesn't hurry, we’ll be late.
Unless she hurries, we’ll be late.
❓ Combine using a non-defining relative clause:
My uncle lives in Tokyo.
He speaks three languages fluently.
My uncle, who speaks three languages fluently, lives in Tokyo.
Complete:
I didn’t expect her reaction — I was completely ________.
We’ve ________ sugar. Can you buy some?
taken aback
run out of
❓ Rewrite using the passive:
They must finish the project by Friday.
People should recycle more plastic.
The project must be finished by Friday.
More plastic should be recycled.
❓ Complete with the correct verb forms. Identify the type:
If I finish my homework early, I ______ (join) you at the cinema, but only if you ______ (wait) for me.
If I finish my homework early, I’ll join you at the cinema, but only if you wait for me.
Type: First Conditional
Too → Enough
Paraphrase:
This box is too heavy for me to lift.
This box isn’t light enough for me to lift.
❓ Rewrite using one defining and one non-defining relative clause in only ONE sentence:
The school bought new computers.
The computers will be used in the IT lab.
The IT lab was renovated last month.
The school bought new computers that will be used in the IT lab, which was renovated last month.
Complete:
He finally ________ writing his essay after delaying it for days.
She didn’t realise she had been ________ by the fake news article.
got round to
taken in
❓ Rewrite in the passive, keeping the agent only where necessary:
The government will introduce new safety regulations.
Someone had stolen all the documents before the police arrived.
New safety regulations will be introduced (by the government).
All the documents had been stolen before the police arrived.
Identify the type and complete:
If I ______ (have) a quieter room, I ______ (be able to) concentrate better.
Type: Second Conditional
If I had a quieter room, I would be able to concentrate better.
Rewrite the sentences using the modal verb in brackets. Keep the original meaning as closely as possible.
I’m sure he isn’t the person you saw yesterday.
Perhaps she forgot about the meeting.
It was a bad idea for you not to tell me the truth earlier.
In all likelihood, they’re at home right now.
It’sforbidden to park your car here!
He can’t be the person you saw yesterday.
She might have forgotten about the meeting.
You should have told me the truth earlier.
They might/may be at home right now.
You mustn't park your car here!
❓ Correct the mistakes in these sentences (there are 3 errors):
The woman, who I told you about her yesterday, is coming to visit.
The film which I saw it last weekend was amazing.
My woman who I told you about yesterday is coming to visit.
The film which/that I saw last weekend was amazing.
Complete:
This cream will help if you ________ spots after eating chocolate.
He doesn’t mean to be rude, but he sometimes ________ as arrogant.
come out in (spots)
comes across as
❓ Change to the passive. Use both possible structures with two objects:
They offered the participants free accommodation during the conference.
The participants were offered free accommodation during the conference.
Free accommodation was offered to the participants during the conference.
Rewrite the sentence using a conditional, keeping the meaning:
I don’t have enough time, so I can’t join the club.
If I had enough time, I would join the club.
Rewrite using TOO → ENOUGH, keeping the meaning.
The soup is too hot for me to eat.
The room is too dark for us to read in.
He’s too inexperienced to lead the team.
This bag is too heavy for her to carry alone.
The soup isn’t cool enough for me to eat.
The room isn’t bright enough for us to read in.
He isn’t experienced enough to lead the team.
This bag isn’t light enough for her to carry alone.
Combine all the sentences into ONE single sentence using:
1 defining relative clause
1 non-defining relative clause
Correct punctuation
My neighbour invited us to dinner.
He works as an architect.
The restaurant serves food with local ingredients.
My neighbour, who works as an architect, invited us to a restaurant that serves food made with local ingredients.
Use the correct phrasal verb:
The company will ________ a smaller competitor next month.
I was walking in the park when I suddenly ________ an old letter.
The view from the top of the mountain completely ________ my breath _______.
Could you ________ what the teacher says during the meeting?
She ________ a large sum of money after her aunt passed away.
take over
came across
took my breath away
take down
came into
Transform the sentences into the passive voice:
They are planning a new sports facility in the city.
The mayor will present the final design next week.
A local company is donating the necessary funds.
A new sports facility is being planned in the city.
The final design will be presented by the mayor next week.
The necessary funds are being donated by a local company.
Complete the sentences and identify the type of conditional (Zero / First / Second).
If you ______ (speak) more slowly, I ______ (understand) you better.
If we ______ (not/need) this room today, we ______ (use) it for the rehearsal.
If he ______ (be) more confident, he ______ (ask) for the promotion.
If I ______ (finish) this earlier, I ______ (help) you with the project.
If you spoke more slowly, I would understand you better. → Second
If we didn’t need this room today, we would use it for the rehearsal. → Second
If he were more confident, he would ask for the promotion. → Second
If I finished this earlier, I would help you with the project. → Second
Rewrite using the causative form (have/get).
A mechanic will repair my car tomorrow.
Someone is painting our living room this week.
A professional photographer took our family photo.
The teacher asked the students to write the script for the concert.
I’m having/getting my car repaired tomorrow.
We are having/getting our living room painted this week.
We had/got our family photo taken.
The teacher had the script for the concert written.