Definition
Who is Sultan?
an arabic word used by the Ottomans to describe a supreme political and military ruler
During which period did the Ottomon empire reach its peak?
Between 1520 and 1566
Who was called "Conqueror" in Ottoman empire?
Sultan Mehmat II
After which event did the Ottomomans begin to call themselves emperors of Byzantine and Seljuk?
After conquered of Constantinople
Why did Shah Abbas form an army of slaves?
To create a counterweight to the Qizilbash who had become a dangerous force.
Who is viziers?
Chief assistants to caliphs
When Sultan Mehmet II conquered Constantinople?
1453 th years
Suleiman I ordered to whom to draw up new general code of laws that prescribed penalties for routinecriminal acts like robbery?
To Lutfi Pasa
For how long did the Persian language remain the official language of the Mughal empire?
Until British replaced it with English
From where did Shah Abbas primarily obtain the captives used to form his army of slaves?
From the Caucasus
Definition of janissaries?
Turkish for recruits; they formed the elite army corps
When Francis I and Suleiman I dealed?
1525 th years
Who was Hurrem?
A slave concubine who became Suleiman's legal wife and powerful adviser
What happened after the Ottomans conquered the Contantinople?
Mehmet II rebuilt it as capital of Ottomans, Istanbul with mosques, markets and fountains
Who is founder of Seljuk empire and when he found?
In 1038 by Tughrilbek
Who was Mughals?
A term used to refer to the Muslim empire of India and it was largest and wealthiest of the Islamic empire of the early modern world
When Ottomans captured Baghdad?
1638 th years
Who moved the capital from Qazvin to Isfahan at Safavid empire?
Shah Abbas
Why Francis I and Suleiman made an alliance?
To protect Habsburg domination of Europe
Why did Shah Ismail make Shia faith to primary religion?
Because he claimed descent from the twelve infallible imams, beginning with Ali, so he was officially regarded as their representative on earth.
What is devshirme?
a precess Sultan's agents swept the provinces for Christian youth to be trained as soldiers or servants
When the Lutheran protestants recognized and the consolidation of national monarchy in France because of Ottoman empire?
1555 th year
Who replaced Turkish with Persian language as the official language of the Mughal empire?
Akbar
What happened when sultan died, according to Ottoman empire custom? How was the throne seized?
The prince would fight among themselves and those who were defeated would be executed.
Why did the Ottomans use slaves as soldiers and officials instead of relying on a hereditary nobility?
Because slaves owed loyalty only to the sultan, held their positions at his pleasure, and had no independent power base, so they were more reliable than nobles who could challenge the ruler