Eye Disorders
The 2 parts of the Mini-Cog test for cognitive impairment
Recall 3 unrelated words
Clock drawing test
Type of hearing loss caused by prolonged exposure to loud noise, presbycusis (age-related), Ménière’s disease, acoustic neuroma, ototoxic drugs
Sensorineural
Why is an electrical burn called the grand masquerader?
Surface injures minimal, but internal injuries extensive
What are choreiform movements?
Huntington disease
Uncontrollable, rapid, jerky movements
Limbs, trunk, facial muscles
Constant writhing, twisting
Increase with stress, anxiety
What should be obtained before starting antibiotics?
Cultures
Increase in intraocular pressure due to buildup of fluid that flows inside the eye (aqueous humor)
Glaucoma
Explain the Rinne test
Vibrating tuning fork is placed on mastoid bone behind ear, and when the patient no longer hears the vibration, the fork is moved to the front of the ear
When calculating the initial IV fluids for a burn patient, what time is used to determine when the infusion will be completed?
Time of injury
What type of isolation is required for the patient with scabies?
Contact
Which types of Hepatitis would it be important to teach the patient not to share razors, toothbrushes, or needles, and to wear condoms
B, C, D
Test that confirms Parkinson's disease?
None
Explain the Weber test
Vibrating tuning fork is placed on the center of the patient's forehead and patient is asked to indicate in which ear the sound is heard louder
What assessment data does the nurse use to titrate the IV fluid rate for a burn patient?
Hourly urine output
Severe skin reaction triggered by medications; diffuse redness with large vesicle formation followed by skin peeling off in sheets that is treated like a burn
Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS)
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)
Explain how Carbidopa-Levodopa work for Parkinson's disease.
Levodopa changes to dopamine in brain
Carbidopa prevents levodopa from being broken down before it reaches the brain
The 4 cardinal signs of Parkinson's disease
Resting tremors, rigidity, akinesia, postural instability-shuffling gait
Explain the Rinne test related to sensorineural hearing loss
air conduction > bone conduction
What electrolyte imbalances occur during the emergent phase of burn management?
Hyperkalemia and Hyponatremia
What stage of wound does this describe: partial thickness skin loss of epidermis and some of the dermis-- shallow, crater-like wound with pink or red wound bed, or a blister
Stage 2
Explain the difference in the pain timing of gastric and duodenal ulcers related to eating
Gastric ulcer right after eating
Duodenal ulcer 2-5 hrs after eating
List 2 ways that ophthalmic drops treat glaucoma
Dilate blood vessels for better drainage of aqueous humor or decrease production of aqueous humor fluid
Explain the Weber test related to conductive hearing loss
Lateralization to affected ear
Using the Parkland formula, calculate how much total IV fluids the burn patient is to receive.
4 ml X kg X % TBSA burned
220 lb. patient with 50% TBSA burned
4 ml X 100kg X 50 = 20,000 ml
Explain the presentation of lesions for herpes simplex virus.
Tingling, burning, itching, pain FIRST, BEFORE lesion appears; Clustered pustules which rupture, weep, and crust
What type of diet does the post-gastrectomy patient need to prevent dumping syndrome?
High protein, high fiber, low sugar, low fluids while eating