Core Philosophy Themes
This term refers to a proposed explanation that can be tested through observation or experiments
What is a Hypothesis
The philosopher that argued that science progresses by falsifying hypotheses is...
Who is Karl Popper
This issue arises when finding sources influence research outcomes
What is Conflict of Interest
These are unobservable objects or processes that are postulated by science to explain observed phenomena
What are Theoretical Entities
__ asks how we distinguish science, pseudoscience, and nonscience
What is Demarcation
__ famously argued "anything goes" in scientific methodology
Who is Paul Feyerabend
The science produced by structures, institutions, or systems located away from the "metropolis" is called __
What is Peripheral Science
Grover Maxwell argued that the distinction/line between observable and theoretical was __
What is Arbitrary
When a risky prediction does not falsify a hypothesis, according to Popper, the hypothesis has been __
What is Corroborated
The philosopher argues that the scientific revolution never happened
Who is Steven Shapin
From the argument against the value-free ideal refined by Heather Douglas, what is the risk that you err in accepting/rejecting a hypothesis?
What is Inductive Risk
This debate centers around the question of whether scientific theories describe reality itself, or adequately explain observable evidence
What is the Realism vs. Antirealism Debate
For Kuhn, this is something that violates the expectations of normal science, or a puzzle that resists solution, that then leads to crisis
What is an Anomaly
Who is Hasok Chang
What is the idea that proposes science as a social phenomenon and an exchange of knowledge, as supported by Helen Longino
What is Social Epistemology
What is the semantic aspect of realism that is rejected by instrumentalists and interprets scientific data and natural phenomena as exact?
What is Literalism
Proposed by Paul Feyerabend, what is the view that there are no useful, exception-free or universal methodological rules governing the process of science?
What is Epistemological Anarchism
Which philosopher said this "Man, as the minister and interpreter of nature, does and understands as much as his observations on the order of nature, either with regard to things or the mind, permit him, and neither knows nor is capable of more."
Who is Francis Bacon
This philosopher spearheaded the argument that science is shaped by historical and social contexts
Who is Thomas Kuhn
This theory, developed by Baas Van Fraasen, holds that science aims for empirical adequacy as opposed to truth
What is Constructive Empiricism