Protestant Reformation
What were the 95 Theses?
The 95 Theses were Martin Luther's complaints about the Catholic Church, especially about selling indulgences.
What was the purpose of the Inquisition?
The Inquisition was created to find and punish people who disagreed with the Church.
What is the difference between Sunni and Shi'a Islam?
Sunni Islam recognizes the first four caliphs as leaders, while Shi'a Islam believes leadership should stay within Muhammad's family.
Who was Henry IV of France?
Henry IV was a French king who converted to Catholicism to unite France.
Who was John Calvin?
John Calvin was a key figure in the Reformation who believed in predestination.
Who was Martin Luther?
Martin Luther was a German monk who started the Protestant Reformation by challenging the Catholic Church.
Who founded the Jesuits?
The Jesuits were a group founded by Ignatius of Loyola to promote Catholic education and fight Protestantism.
Who was Akbar the Great? What was he known for?
Akbar the Great was a Mughal Emperor known for his policies of accepting all religions.
What was the Edict of Nantes?
The Edict of Nantes allowed Huguenots to practice their religion freely.
What were the main beliefs of Lutheranism?
Lutheranism emphasizes faith alone for salvation and the authority of the Bible.
What is "sola fide"?
"Sola fide" means "faith alone," the idea that faith in Jesus is the only way to be saved.
What did the Council of Trent address?
The Council of Trent aimed to fix problems in the Catholic Church and reaffirm important beliefs.
What role did the Ottoman Empire play in spreading Islam?
The Ottoman Empire spread Islam through conquests and cultural exchanges.
What were the causes of the Thirty Years' War?
The Thirty Years' War was caused by religious tensions and power struggles in Europe.
Who was Henry VIII, and why did he create the Anglican Church?
Henry VIII created the Anglican Church to gain control over religion in England.
What role did the printing press play in the Reformation?
The printing press helped spread Luther's ideas quickly to many people.
What was the significance of the Index of Prohibited Books?
The Index of Prohibited Books was a list of banned books that the Church deemed heretical.
How did the Safavid Empire differ from the Ottoman Empire?
The Safavid Empire was strict about Shi'a Islam, leading to conflict with the Sunni Ottoman Empire.
How did the Peace of Westphalia change the political landscape of Europe?
The Peace of Westphalia allowed different regions to choose their religion and recognized state sovereignty.
What is Sikhism?
Sikhism is a religion that believes in one God and promotes equality and community service.
How did the Peace of Augsburg impact religious practice in Germany?
The Peace of Augsburg allowed German princes to choose Catholicism or Lutheranism for their states.
How did the Counter-Reformation affect Catholicism in Europe?
The Counter-Reformation strengthened the Catholic Church and helped it remain influential in Europe.
What was the impact of religious tolerance under Akbar?
Akbar encouraged peace among religions and helped different faiths coexist in his empire.
How did the Huguenots influence French society?
Huguenots contributed to French trade and industry, despite facing persecution.
How did the Protestant work ethic emerge from Calvinism?
The Protestant work ethic suggests that hard work is a sign of God's favor.