Protein Types
What do "Digestive Enzymes" proteins do?
Help in food by catabolizing nutrients into monomeric units
Whats 1 of the 2 common secondary structures of the protein?
-helix and pleated sheet structures
What are the two main types of nucleic acids?
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
DNA has a ________ structure
double-helix
What do "Storage" proteins do?
Provide nourishment in early embryo development and the seedling
Does a change in the nucleotide sequence effect a proteins function?
A change in nucleotide sequence of the gene’s coding region may lead to adding a different amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain, causing a change in protein structure and function.
DNA's intermediary is the _____RNA
messenger
The ______ and _______ lie on the outside of the helix, forming the DNA's backbone. The
sugar and phosphate
What do "Transport" proteins do?
Carry substances in the blood or lymph throughout the body
It is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can bind to a specific substrate at an active site.
The DNA molecules never leave the _______ but instead use an intermediary to communicate with the rest of the cell.
nucleus
DNA contains one of four possible nitrogenous bases:
adenine (A), guanine (G) cytosine (C), and thymine (T).
What do "Structural" proteins do?
Construct different structures, like the cytoskeleton
What are the 4 levels of protein strucutre
primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.
DNA and RNA are comprised of monomers that scientists call nucleotides. The nucleotides combine with each other to form a __________, DNA or RNA.
polynucleotide
Ribonucleic acid, or RNA, is mainly involved in the process of _____ synthesis under the direction of DNA.
protein
What do "Hormones" proteins do?
Coordinate different body systems' activity
Amino acids' unique sequence in a polypeptide chain is its _______ structure. (what type of structure?)
primary
What are the three components that comprise each nucleotide?
Three components comprise each nucleotide: a nitrogenous base, a pentose (five-carbon) sugar, and a phosphate group
For DNA, If the sequence of one strand is AATTGGCC, the complementary strand would have the sequence ________.
TTAACCGG