Unit Conversions
Mass Balance
Nutrients
Lake Profiles
Others
100
300 centimeters in meters
What is 3 meters?
100
The mass balance equation
What is min = mout / Cin x Vin = Cout x Vout ?
100
The process of converting NH₃ to nitrate.
What is nitrification?
100
The process in lakes that cause mixing between surface and bottom waters
What is lake turnover/seasonal turnover?
100
A source of oxygen in lakes
What is photosynthesis?
200
730 L to m3
What is 0.73 m3?
200
A river has a flow rate of 5,000 m3/sec with a pipe discharging at 200 m3/sec. The flow rate just downstream.
What is 5,200 m3?
200
The main drivers of eutrophication
What are nitrogen and phosphorus?
200
The three layers of a lake when it is stratified
What is epilimnion, metalimnion, and hypolimnion?
200
As temperatures increase, this happens to water density
What is decrease?
300
80 kilograms to pounds
What is 176.4?
300
What TMDL stands for and its relation to mass balance
What is Total Maximum Daily Load? What is the back-calculation using chemical mass balance to determine TMDL?
300
The nutrient that limits algal growth in freshwater lakes
What is Phosphorus?
300
A good range (with units) to label DO on a vertical profile
What is 0 - 15 mg/L?
300
Name one example of each: physical, chemical, and biological water quality parameter
What is temperature, DO, and bacteria?
400
32 degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit
What is 89.6 F?
400
A clean river (0 mg/L pollutant) flows at 100 m³/s. A factory discharges 20 m³/s of water containing 50 mg/L of a pollutant. The pollutant concentration just downstream after mixing is
What is 8.33 mg/L?
400
Which gases are typically produced during anaerobic decomposition in sediments?
What is methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2)?
400
One date where this lake was mixed.
What is 8-28?
400
Lakes can be classified into different trophic states. Choose two and give a trait of each
What is oligotrophic - low nutrients/algal growth, and eutrophic - lots of nutrients/algal growth?
500
10,000 m3/day to ft3/sec
What is 4 ft3/sec?
500
Two tributaries merge:
Tributary A: 40 m³/s, 3 mg/L nitrate
Tributary B: 60 m³/s, 7 mg/L nitrate
What the downstream nitrate concentration is
What is 5.4 mg/L?
500
In the context of eutrophication, the major consequence of algal blooms when they die and decompose
What is causing a drop in DO creating an environment other aquatic life can't survive?
500
The range of months that the lake was stratified.
What is May - November?
500
The other term for "exploding lakes" and what happens during this occurrence
What is limnic eruption and when a lake releases a large amount of CO2 (g)?