Data Science
Primary data is best described as?
A - Data collected by others for different purposes.
B - Data that is gathered specifically for a research project.
C - Data that cannot be quantified.
D - Data that is outdated and irrelevant.
B - Data that is gathered specifically for a research project.
What is a key use of historical data in business?
A - Predicting future outcomes.
B - Reducing storage requirements.
C - Avoiding anomalies.
D - Discarding irrelevant information.
A - Predicting future outcomes.
What tool is demonstrates how data moves through a system?
What is a key application of an expert system?
Diagnostic problem-solving in medicine.
INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS:
Which of the following is an example of surplus data in an IoT system?
A - Key performance indicators generated by sensors.
B - Irrelevant environmental data captured by sensors.
C - Predictive maintenance data from machinery.
D - Historical temperature readings from sensors.
B - Irrelevant environmental data captured by sensors.
What is a data dictionary?
A - A set of user-friendly data input forms.
B - Documentation of database structure and field definitions.
C - Spreadsheet clearly defining what tables are connected dynamically with field definitions.
D - A collection of all reports in a database.
B - Documentation of database structure and field definitions.
Which feature of data refinement is focused on removing inaccuracies?
A - Data aggregation.
B - Data profiling.
C - Data cleaning.
D - Data indexing.
C - Data cleaning.
Here is a system flowchart that represents the use of an ATM to retrieve money from a bank.
What is the missing flowchart symbol and label?
Database symbol (cylinder) with "User Accounts"
Which of the following is NOT typically a hardware requirement for intelligent systems?
A - Sensor interfaces.
B - Graphical User Interface (GUI).
C - Memory storage devices.
D - Data processing units.
B - Graphical User Interface (GUI).
YEAR 11 - NETWORKING:
What is the primary purpose of regular driver updates for network infrastructure components?
A - Reducing network security
B - Ignoring operating system changes
C - Slowing down data transfer
D - Enhancing device compatibility
D - Enhancing device compatibility
Which type of data is considered semi-structured?
A - Databases.
B - XML files.
C - Emails.
D - Social media posts.
B - XML files.
What is the first step in interrogating the data shown in a data visualisation?
A - Analyse patterns.
B - Consider the implications.
C - Examine anomalies.
D - Understand the context.
D - Understand the context.
What does flexibility freelance work offer to individual professionals? Provide ONE benefit.
Possible answers include:
• Choose projects that match their skills, interests, and career goals.
• Set their own schedules, deciding when and where they work.
• Work with multiple clients simultaneously, diversifying income sources.
• Adapt workload based on availability, enabling better work–life balance and personal control over professional commitments.
Which of the following best describes how AI optimises data traffic in IoT networks?
A - AI slows down data transmission to reduce errors.
B - AI allocates bandwidth based on traffic patterns
C - AI collects data and stores it without processing.
D - AI stops data transmissions during off-peak hours.
B - AI allocates bandwidth based on traffic patterns
DATA SCIENCE:
Identify the correct key types, and the relationship types between tables.
Pink - PK
Red - 1
Orange - ∞
Yellow - PK
Lime Green - FK
Dark Green - FK
Aqua - ∞
Blue - 1
Purple - PK
In which industries could AI-based forecasting models like GenCast be particularly useful?
A - In healthcare.
B - Only in retail and marketing.
C - In agriculture, aviation, and disaster response.
D - Only in the financial sector.
C - In agriculture, aviation, and disaster response.
What are TWO ways in which emerging hardware technologies are transforming user interactions.
Immersive experiences: Devices like VR headsets and AR glasses let users interact through movement and gestures, creating more realistic and engaging experiences than flat screens.
Wearable and flexible devices: Smartwatches and foldable phones allow users to interact with technology on the go, using taps, swipes, or even voice commands, making technology more personal and accessible in everyday life.
Outline TWO system implementation methods.
• Direct conversion: Replacing the old system entirely with the new one at a specific time.
• Parallel conversion: Running both old and new systems concurrently for a period.
• Phased conversion: Implementing the system gradually in stages or modules.
• Pilot conversion: Trialling a new system in one area of an enterprise for a specific period.
In the context of a building management system, why is collecting temperature data useful?
Temperature readings are useful because they drive real actions such as adjusting heating, cooling, and ventilation to meet comfort and efficiency targets. When occupancy and air quality are considered together, the system can fine-tune output to save energy and maintain healthy conditions.
INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS:
Which technique focuses on maintaining consistent beliefs during reasoning?
A - Heuristic knowledge.
B - Truth maintenance.
C - Hypothetical reasoning.
D - Ontology classification.
B - Truth maintenance.
A graph about a trending issue is shared without checking the source. How can data literacy skills help avoid spreading misinformation?
Data literacy skills teach people how to question and check the information they see before believing or sharing it.
E.g. a student who sees a graph on social media can use data literacy to ask: Where did the data come from? Is the source reliable, like the Australian Bureau of Statistics, or is it just an opinion post?
By checking the credibility and context of the graph, students can avoid spreading false or misleading information. This skill is especially important today when misinformation can spread quickly online.
What could happen if you include irrelevant data in your visualisation?
Including irrelevant data can distract the audience and make it harder to see the key message. It can also confuse viewers or lead them to draw the wrong conclusions.
Keeping only the most relevant data helps your visualisation stay clear, focused, and meaningful.
What are TWO tasks that should be included in a maintenance plan to ensure system reliability.
Possible answers include:
• Regular Software Updates: Apply patches and updates to fix bugs, improve security and enhance system performance.
• Hardware Inspections: Check servers, storage devices, internal components, peripheral and network devices for wear and potential failures.
• Data Backups: Schedule routine, automated backups to prevent data loss in case of system failure.
• Security Audits: Conduct regular reviews of security protocols to identify and address vulnerabilities.
How can sources of data used by decision support systems be verified?
• Begin with data quality and integrity - High-quality data is accurate, current, consistent, and as unbiased as possible.
• Then evaluate source credibility - Primary vs Secondary.
• Transparency and accountability are also essential - Processes for gathering, cleaning, updating, and storing data should be visible.
• Finally, confirm compliance - Reliable sources adhere to privacy, copyright, and licensing requirements.
DATA VISUALISATION:
Why is white space important in a data visualisation?
Possible answers include:
• Prevents visual clutter
• Helps the audience focus on the information that matters most
• By adding space around and between elements, the design becomes easier to read
• Viewers can process insights more clearly without distraction