Pericardial
This is considered a moderate pericardial effusion by echo.
What is 1-2 cm?
What is mechanical?
This is not a disease of the heart muscle.
What is ischemic cardiomyopathy?
Coarctation of the aorta is often associated with this congenital anomaly.
What is BAV?
This is the likelihood that a cardiac tumor is metastatic rather that primary
What is 20-30 times?
This leads to high volume, high output cardiac state, often reversing after organ transplantation
What is chronic liver disease?
Hemodynamic compromise is indicated with this percent change on a MV with respiration.
What is 25 % or greater?
This is the valve most commonly repaired.
What is the mitral?
This is the failure of the myocardium to properly compress trabeculations and presents with decreased squeeze
What is Non-Compaction of the LV?
This can be partial or complete, and involves the junction point of the IAS and IVS.
What is endocardial cushion defect?
Neuroendocrine tumor causes this disease that impacts the heart valves
What is carcinoid disease?
This is caused by disease of pulmonary artery, lungs, or vasculature
What is PHTN?
This occurs when pressure in the sac overwhelms pressure in the cardiac chambers.
What is tamponade?
This is the percentage of prosthetic mitral valves where some regurgitation is still detected
What is 90%?
This presents with dynamic obstruction, SAM, ASH
What is HOCM?
This is the looping that creates AV discordance in the setting of situs solitus.
What is L-looping?
This mass resembles infectious growth
This is often the best visualized by TEE and is a common location for CSOE
What is LAA?
This is defined as an anterior echo-free space near the RVFW; commonly confused for effusion.
What is epicardial fat pad?
What is xenografts?
This CM has preserved systolic function
What is restrictive CM?
This ASD is near the top of the atria.
What is the sinus venosus ASD?
This is the most common place for a myxoma to attach
What is IAS?
This is a chemo cardiomyopathy
What is NICM?
These are the four clinical presentations used to diagnose acute pericarditis.
What are:
Friction Rub
EKG changes
New or worsening effusion
Sharp CP, better when sitting up
Organ rejection is best diagnosed not by echo, but by this.
What is biopsy?
What is DCM?
This pathology produces a continuous, machine like murmur.
What is PDA?
This commonly develops with low flow states, stasis, and apical dyskinesis
What is LV thrombus?
This device sits across the AoV
What is the Impella?
This is when effusion should be measured.
When is diastole?
This AMVL leaflet characteristic can make it harder to repair
What is redundancy?
Classic infiltrative form of this CM is amyloidosis.
What is restrictive CM?
These four pathologies make up Tetralogy of Fallot
What are:
overriding Ao
VSD
PS
RVH
This is common site of intravascular extension of a tumor
What is the IVC?
Pericardial effusion resulting from inflammation can often present with this appearance
What is stranding?