Historical Context of IR
The Peace of Westphalia established which concept?
What is Sovereignty?
Which theory argues that sovereignty is a socially constructed idea?
What is constructivism?
True or false? War is costly?
True
What are the two levels in the two-level game?
They are the international level (Level I) and the domestic level (Level II).
What is the term for a situation in which an agent’s goals diverge from those of the principal?
Principal–agent problem/Unaligned interests
During times of colonialism, which state became the hegemon? After WWI, which state became the hegemon?
What is Britain? What is the United States?
Does realism think power is relative or absolute?
Relative
How do you make threats credible?
What are costly signals?
When rally effects are observed in a country, what happens to the bargaining range in a crisis (or conflict)?
The bargaining range shrinks.
What is the term for a state being drawn into an unwanted war by an ally?
Entrapment
Pax Brittanica deterred conflict and encouraged what?
What is Economic Openness?
Which theory thinks that anarchy can be abridged by interdependence?
What is liberalism?
What is one way to solve the Prisoner's Dilemma
What is iteration/linkage/institutions/norms?
In the democratic peace theory, scholars focus on which factors to explain why democracies rarely fight each other?
domestic institutions and norms (political culture)
What is the term for a state joining others to counter a stronger power?
Balancing
Name the 5 post-WWII Superpowers
What are US, USSR, UK, France, and China?
Is this a positivist or normative question?
What are the effects of war on the environment?
Positivist
The bargaining range is the space between which two values?
What are the expected outcomes of war and the costs of war?
Does democratic peace suggest that democracies fight less against foreign nations in general?
No, this term refers to a well-established observation that there are few wars between mature democratic states.
What are the two challenges that collective security organizations face?
A collective action problem and a joint decision-making problem
Just War Theory requires jus ad bellum (reason) and what else?
What is jus in bello (conduct)?
IR Theories seek to understand what kind of patterns?
What are systematic, predictable patterns?
State A enters into negotiations knowing that next year its military will be stronger than State B's.
What are commitment problems?
What is a notable exception to the Democratic Peace Theory?
The 1999 Kargil War between India and Pakistan.
Why do older academic studies tend to underestimate how effective peacekeeping is at reducing violence?
Peacekeepers were often deployed to the most demanding places.