What is Social Psychology?
What is the definition of Social Psychology?
“How one’s thoughts/feelings/behaviors are influenced by the real or imagined presence of other people.”
REMINDER: This Influence does not have to be overt/explicit!
The two primary motives of self-construal involve the need to feel good about ourselves and the …
a. Need to be accurate
b. Need to belong
c. Need to feel happy
d. Need to look important
a. Need to be accurate
Social Cognition is characterized by two different types of thinking. List and define each.
1. Automatic thinking: thinking that is unconscious, unintentional, involuntary, and effortless.
2. Controlled thinking: thinking that is conscious and effortful.
Which of the following best fits the definition of discrimination?
a. Emotional attitudes based solely on group membership
b. Differential action towards members solely due to their group membership
c. Beliefs about social groups in terms of traits or characteristics that they are believed to share
d. None of the above
b. Differential action towards members solely due to their group membership
According to Schultz & Oskamp (2000), what is the difference between basic and applied social psychology?
Basic: the goal is to understand the general phenomenon/ gain of knowledge for the sake of gaining knowledge.
Applied: goal is to solve/ fix a specific issue. We take what we know from basic research and apply it to a social issue/ problem.
Describe the difference(s) between Social Psych, Sociology, and Personality Psych
Social psychologists focus more on the situational influences of behavior, while Personality psychologists focus on individual differences between people
Social psychologists focus on the behavior of individuals/small groups, while sociologists examine large social systems and societies
What theory states we are driven by a need for self-preservation and fear of our own death?
a. Sociometer theory
b. Terror management theory
c. Two factor theory of emotion
d. Self discrepancy theory
b. Terror management theory
In order to be engaged in controlled thinking, an individual must...
a. be pressed for time
b. be focused on protecting their self-esteem
c. possess the motivation to do so
d. All of the above are true
c. possess the motivation to do so
Identify and describe two forms of prejudice
Explicit prejudice is conscious and deliberate.
Implicit prejudice is unconscious and automatic.
Aronson (2000) discusses two types of interventions- identify and define each
Peripheral Intervention: a surface level/ quick fix.
Root Cause Intervention: addressing the underlying issue/problem.
Fill in the blank: Social Psychologists seek to identify _________ of human nature that make everyone susceptible to social influence, regardless of ________.
1. Universal properties
2. Individual differences
True or false: In the context of social identity and prejudice, collectivist cultures are more likely than individualist cultures to consider contradictions in their ingroups.
True!
William is constantly searching for employment, but has yet to be hired. While William is outside in the employment line, a woman yells at him as she drives by, "Get a job you lazy bum!" her assumption about William is an example of
a. Fundamental Attribution Error
b. Individualistic Self Construal
c. Self Determination Theory
d. Self Discrepancy Theory
a. Fundamental Attribution Error
There is an upcoming math placement exam that all students at Geneseo must take, which group will be most impacted by stereotype threat
a. Both (b) and (c)
b. Female mathematics majors
c. Female English majors
d. Male mathematics majors
b. Female mathematics major
According to Dirth & Branscombe (2017), what is the difference between the medical and social model of disability?
The social model focuses on external norms "disabling" the individual while the medical model describes disabilities as an illness needing a cure.
A consequence of this phenomenon is our tendency to assume everyone else is interpreting the world around you in the same way as you are.
Naïve realism!
What are the two steps (In order) of the Two-Factor Theory of Emotion?
1. Experience Arousal
2. Seek an appropriate explanation for it (situation)
When do we engage in social comparison?
a. When we have no objective standard to measure against
b. When we have an objective standard to measure against
c. When we experience uncertainty
d. Both (a) and (b)
e. Both (a) and (c)
e. Both (a) and (c)
What is the tendency to see a relationship between events that are actually unrelated?
a. Misattribution of arousal
b. Self-fulfilling prophecy
c. Illusory correlation
d. None of the above
c. Illusory Correlation
Compared to the “rich” in Shah et al. (2012), how did the “poor” differ in performance accuracy and cognitive fatigue?
More accurate, and more fatigue
In the Constructive Model of Seeing the World, what two factors make up the invisible “subjective construal” that then is used to construct reality?
The event of interest (visible) and the situation (invisible)
Regarding Self-Discrepancy theory...
1. Name the three selves involved
2. What discrepancy leads people to feel more guilty and shameful?
3. What discrepancy leads people to feel more sad and depressed?
1. Ideal, ought, actual
2. Actual and ought
3. Actual and ideal
According to the Covariation model, we consider three types of information when assessing the internal and external source of someone's behavior. Identify all three and explain what evaluative question each examines.
1. Consensus- do other people behave this way to the stimulus?
2. Distinctiveness- does this person behave this way to other stimulus?
3. Consistency- has this person behaved this way before to the stimulus?
*Consistency must be high to use model
Realistic conflict theory proposes that...
Intergroup hostility arises from competition among groups for scarce but valued resources.
As reported by Frable et al. (1988), which group members reported higher depression and less social activity?
Concealed and stigmatized social identities