unit 1
a conclusion that is incorrect because it is based on faulty reasoning or untruths
what is misconception
different from what is expected or seems correct
counterintuitive
basic framework of a system or organization
infrastructure
a state of society in which diverse groups participate
pluralism
having a role of lesser importance; subordinate
subservient
is an overarching message or truth that is specific to a text. Central ideas are the key points authors make and the ones they want you to remember most.
A central idea
are restatements of part of the original work. When authors paraphrase something, they use their own words and writing style but retain the meaning and length of the original information. Authors paraphrase when they want to incorporate the source material into their own texts seamlessly.
Paraphrases
credible
used to persuade an audience by appealing to their emotions or values
Pathos
is a text that is considered to have been historically significant in its attempt to persuade policy makers. Policy makers can be government representatives—like members of Congress—or voters before an election. Anyone who has a say in the creation of law or policy is the audience for a work of public advocacy.
A work of public advocacy
The author discusses similarities and differences between two or more items, ideas, concepts, places, persons, or events and emphasizes superiority of one over others. Transitions suited to the comparison structure include likewise, also, and similarly. Transitions suited to the contrast structure include however, yet, and on the other hand.
Comparison/contrast
involves the shades of meaning that distinguish words with similar denotations from one another, adding a positive, negative, or neutral spin to the meaning.
Nuance
These situations of persuasion concern the interaction of three elements: the message, the writer/speaker, and the audience. Those are the components of
rhetorical triangle
When authors juxtapose words or ideas, or place them in relation to each other
antithesis
is simply a reference to a person, object, event, or literary work that is widely recognized. Authors often allude to commonly known books, events, or figures so that everyone who reads their work will understand the reference and apply their feelings and knowledge about the reference as they read or listen.
An allusion
We used ________ to figure out if the author used actual facts in his passage
Textual Evidence
We used _____ to help readers and writers make sense of sentences
Syntax
We used ______ in structural analysis to split a complex structure into simple elements
Structural Elements
We used ____ to highlight the stark difference between opposing ideas by placing them side-by-side in exactly the same structure
Antithesis
We used _____ to reveal why and how the court, lawyer or judge came to their decision or argument on the case
Chain of Legal Reasoning