Key Components of a Circuit
Provides energy. (e.g., batteries).
Power Source
All components are connected in a single loop. If one part stops working, the entire circuit stops.
Series Circuit
A lamp converts electrical energy into light energy.
Electrical to Light
Allows electricity to flow (e.g., wires).
Conductor
Components are connected in multiple paths. If one part stops working, the rest can still work.
Parallel Circuit
Rubbing hands together generates heat.
Mechanical to Thermal
Uses the electricity to do work (e.g., light bulb, fan).
Load
Electricity cannot flow because the path is broken.
Open Circuit
Batteries convert stored chemical energy into electricity.
Chemical to Electrical
Controls the flow of electricity (on/off).
Switch
Electricity flows because the path is complete.
Closed Circuit
Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only change forms.
Law of Conservation of Energy:
A complete path through which electric current flows.
Circuit
Energy can move from one place or object to another.
Transfer of Energy