Chapter One
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and takes up space
What is the Law of mass conservation
Matter can not be created nor destroyed; it can only change forms
What is the atomic number?
It tells us how many protons an atom has
Give the chemical formula for chromium (III) chloride
CrCl3
What is the prefix of 0.000001
Micro
How is mass measured?
How much matter exist on an object
What makes up covalent molecules?
nonmetal and nonmetal
Define isotopes
atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
What is a positively charged ion?
What is a negatively charged ion?
Cation
Anion
What is the numerical meaning of deca?
10
What does weight measure?
It measures how hard gravity pulls on an object
Give the chemical name for SO2
Sulfur dioxide
Define mass number
the total number of neutrons and protons in an atom
Order the following atoms in terms of increasing ionization energy: Sr, Ra, Mg
Ra, Sr, Mg
What does decomposition mean?
To be broken down
Convert 15.1 cm to mm
151. mm
What is the difference between an atom and an element?
An atom is the basic unit of a chemical element
an element is any substance that can not be broken down into similar components
What is the particle/wave duality theory?
the theory that light sometimes behaves as a particle and sometimes behaves as a wave
Define the octet rule
most atoms strive to attain 8 valence electrons
Define the Law of definite proportions
the proportion of elements in any compound is always the same
Convert 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius and to Kelvin
37 degrees Celsius
310.15 K
What is the difference between ionic and covalent molecules?
Covalent is a nonmetal and a nonmetal
ionic is a metal and nonmetal
What is the difference between wavelength and amplitude?
Wavelength is the distance between the crests of a wave (tells us the color)
Amplitude is the height of the crests or the depths of the troughs on a wave (how bright it is)
What does valence electrons
the electrons that are farthest from an atoms nucleus
What is the difference between Homogenous mixture and heterogenous mixture
Homogeneous mixture is a mixture that is uniformed throughout
Heterogeneous mixture is a mixture that is not uniformed throughout and you can see the individual components