Lords & Vassals
What was the name for a system in which land was exchanged for service and loyalty
What is Fedalism
The name of a medieval farm estate that included a village and surrounding land.
What is a manor.
Structure around a castle making direct attacks more difficult.
What is a moat.
Term describing the series of religious framed military campaigns launched by European Christians beginning in 1096
What are the Crusades
What did a vassal promise to provide a lord in return for land or protection?
What is loyalty and military service
Term describing a peasant legally bound to a lord's land
What is a serf
Tall fortified towers that often served as a castle's strongest defensive position.
What is a keep
This city was the central goal of the first Crusade
1. What was Jerusalem.
What was the land granted to a vassal, often with the right to collect revenue from it?
What is a fief
Two common obligations peasants owed a lord
What are labor, rent, share of crops
The main defensive purpose of a drawbridge.
What is to control access over a moat or ditch.
A religious goal for many crusaders
What is gaining control or access to sacred places in the Holy Land.
What ceremony formally established the bond between a lord and a vassal?
What is homage
Peasants had limited freedom to leave the manor, why?
What is many serfs were legally tied to the land and needed permission to leave.
Why castle towers were round instead of square.
What is round towers could better resist attacks and reduce vulnerable corners.
The French female crusader who crowned King Charles?
Who was Joan of Arc
Why would a feudal hierarchy create political instability when nobles held significant local power?
What is that powerful nobles could challenge a monarch's authority and pursue their own interests.
How did the manorial system help make local communities more self-sufficient?
What is the manor produced much of its own food and goods, reducing reliance on distant trade.
Gunpowder changed military value of traditional castles. How?
What is cannons could breach high stone walls
After the Crusades, what war was fought between France and England?
The Hundred Years War