Other
Where are 3 places people get botulism and it causes issues? (100 each)
Canned food, heroin needles, honey
What is the mortality rate of MERS?
35%
What is happening to death rates from COPD and what is the main driver of that?
Decreasing because rates of smoking are decreasing
What does COPD stand for and what are the 2 main types?
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema
What is the leading preventable cause of death in the US?
Smoking
Why are bats good virus carriers/
Mammals that fly
Public Health Emergency of International Concern
What "fancy" new treatment did we develop for ARDS during COVID that can be performed anywhere?
Flip the person on their belly--more aveoli posteriorly so hopefully gravity helps them open
What causes clubbing?
Chronically low oxygen levels
What group of people is most at risk when infected with Zika?
Pregnant Women
Anthrax most commonly impacts what body part?
Skin
What is the difference between antigenic shift and drift?
Shift--dramatic change--pandemic
Drift--slight change, seasonal variation
What 3 main things happen in asthma?
Hypersensitive airway, bronchospasm, increased mucus
Approximately ---% of people who smoke will develop COPD?
20%
Approximately what percentage of people infected with polio virus have no symptoms?
70%
What is the name of the person who gave us HeLa cells?
1000 extra What woman went to Turkey and brought back to England the idea of innoculation?
Henrietta Lacks
Lady Montague
How do you contract Zika?
Mosquito bite
When you go from the trachea to the 2 main bronchi what is that "fork" called?
The carina
What happens in emphysema?
Chemicals from smoke deposit on aveoli, which are tissue paper thin--they rip, create holes in lungs
Kids exposed to farm animals in the first year of life are --% less likely to develop asthma by age 6?
52%
Who is credited with the smallpox vaccine?
Extra credit: What year? 500 points
Edward Jenner
1796
What year was the Russian Flu and how does this relate to Coronaviruses?
1889
Explain what happens physiologically to cause ARDS.
Insult causes histamine/seratonin release which opens spaces between aveolar membranes--aveoli start to fill with fluid, eventually overwhelm them and they can't do gas exchange
What 3 main things happen in chronic bronchitis?
Irritants from smoke cause increased mucus. Lungs can't get rid of the mucus well and it builds up causing chronic productive cough and airway remodeling/thickening. Airway thickening makes it harder to pump blood to the lungs leading to right heart enlargement and eventually right heart failure.
Name 3 ways we treat asthma.