LIPID
DISORDERS
DISORDERS
What is first line treatment for a hyperlipidemia?
What are the two most common bacteria that cause bacterial endocarditis?
What is Staph or Strep?
What is the most common cause of Infectious Pericarditis?
Viral (Coxsackie, flu, epstein barr, mumps, varicella, HIV)
What untreated infection causes Rheumatic fever?
Strep
How many years after Rheumatic Fever can a patient develop Rheumatic Heart Disease?
What is 10-20 Years?
When should a patient have their first lipid screenings?
What is 20 years old?
What is a MAJOR risk factor for developing bacterial endocarditis?
what is IV drug use?
What is the most common symptom of Pericarditis?
Pleuritic Chest Pain
What drug prevents recurrent attacks of rheumatic fever?
Penicillin
Pt with Rheumatic Heart Disease is at a significantly heightened risk of
What is Endocarditis?
Physical exam finding correlated with extremely high triglycerides
What is xanthomas?
Macular, blanding, painless purple lesions on palms and soles
What are Janeway lesions?
Most common PE findings for Cardiac Tamponade?
Beck’s Triad: Hypotension, JVD, absent/soft heart sounds
Without any “minor” findings, how many “Major” findings do you need to make a RF diagnosis?
2
Most common valve affected by Rheumatic Heart Disease
What is the Mitral Valve (Mitral regurgitation / Mitral stenosis)
Child comes in with extremely elevated lipids, what should you do?
2 Major diagnostics for Duke criteria
Positive blood culture or ECHO displaying endocardial involvement
What aggravating factors are present for Pericarditis?
Lying supine and inspiration.
An immune response mounted against what results in RF?
M protein
Main diagnostic test for Rheumatic Heart Disease?
What is an Echocardiogram?
At what LDL level should a 50 year old with DM be treated with a statin?
What is 70-189 mg per dL?
What is the pathophysiology of developing a heart vegetation?
Turbulent blood flow --> fibrin deposition (clotting). If microbes are introduced into the bloodstream they get stuck on the fibrin and lead to a vegetation
Treatment for Acute Pericarditis vs. Cardiac Tamponade?
Acute Pericarditis: ASA or Ibuprofen plus Colchicine
Cardiac Tamponade: Pericardiocentesis
The duration of penicillin treatment for RF treatment depends on what?
Whether patient has carditis or not
What are the mainstay treatments for Rheumatic Heart Disease?
Treat any active strep infection and/or treat any valvular condition present?