Theories/Concepts
Define awareness systems
Technologies that help users maintain knowledge of others’ activities, context, or status, even when not co-located.
What does “user-generated content” mean? Give an example.
UGC is content that is published online, shows some creative effort, and is created outside of professional routines. Example: TikTok videos, memes, etc.
How did users influence the further development of the Minitel?
Users hacked the system to create chat functions, which engineers then included in future developments.
Explain the concept of “mutual shaping”
Mutual shaping is the idea that technology and society influence each other: users change how a technology is used, and designers adjust the technology based on that use.
Give an example of pushback behaviour.
Digital fasting for a day, setting app usage limits, using a “dumb” phone.
How might ambient media affect our sense of privacy and personal boundaries?
Ambient media can reduce privacy and blur personal boundaries by constantly exposing activities and locations.
Name at least two common denominators of all forms of pushback?
Possible answers: Emotional dissatisfactions; external values; taking back control; addiction; privacy
Give two examples of social media platforms that function as awareness systems.
Possible answers: Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat.
Can you think of a modern app that exemplifies both remediation and awareness systems? Explain how.
Possible answer: Instagram – remediates photography magazines (visual content) while serving as an awareness system (feeds, stories, status updates).