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A trail through New Mexico that brought passengers and the US mail.
What is the Butterfield Overland Trail
A third of this group of calvary were New Mexicans that helped prove loyalty towards the US and gain statehood for New Mexico by fighting with Theodore Roosevelt in the Spanish American War
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Signed in 1853 - this purchase of 29 million acres settled the southern border between New Mexico and Mexico, included the Mesilla Valley, and cost US 10 million dollars
Gadsden Purchase
To absorb or conform to the customs and attitudes of a particular cultural group
Assimilate
Created by the Navajo that helped US win World War II
Navajo Code Talkers or Wind Talkers
The 3 "R's" of the New Deal
Relief, Recovery, and Reform
Decade in US history of prosperity, employment, deficit spending, and buying on credit. Introduced "flappers," jazz music, and ended with the stock market crash
Roaring 20's
Popè or Popay
Two natural advantages that early settlers had to consider when settling in New Mexico
Scorched-earth policy
These schools were used by white people to assimilate Native children to become Americanized
Indian Boarding Schools
A population of 60,000 and permission from Congress, and the Enabling Act are needed for this process
Statehood
The first and oldest route between the original Spanish settlements in New Mexico and Mexico City was an important trade and communications route
El Camino Real
Known as the "Father of the A-bomb"
Oppenheimer
He promised protection from enemies, land, and religion if you don't take up arms against the US.
The Kearny Code/General Kearny
This war was the most famous in New Mexico and lasted 3 years and ended with the death of Billy the Kid
Lincoln County War
Trail beginning in Independence Missouri and ending in Santa Fe, New Mexico
Important business tribes developed to raise money and increase high school and college graduation rates.
Casinos
A representative in the US Congress from New Mexico - His niece is the current Governor of New Mexico
Michael Lujan, Jr.
Major battle seen as a turning point in the civil war fought in New Mexico leading to Confederate forces failing to win the Southwest
The Battle of Glorietta Pass
African American soldiers that helped protect settlers from Indian attacks
Buffalo soldiers
Forced journey made by Navajo from their home to Bosque Redondo (400 miles)
The Navajo Long Walk
Country that first colonized New Mexico
Spain
Born in New Mexico to a poor family, he became a US House of Representative and fought for civil rights and helped create the bill that became the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Dennis Chavez