BIO: Evolution & Adaptation
The process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
What is Natural Selection?
This number, written in front of a chemical formula in an equation, represents the number of moles of that substance.
What is a Coefficient?
This type of wave requires a medium (like air or water) to travel through.
What is a Mechanical Wave?
Newton’s First Law is often referred to as the Law of this—the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion.
What is Inertia?
Often called the "powerhouse" of the cell, this organelle converts nutrients into energy (ATP).
What is the Mitochondrion?
This term describes the diversification of a group of organisms into forms filling different ecological niches, famously seen in Darwin’s finches.
What is Adaptive Radiation?
The reactant that is completely consumed first in a reaction, determining how much product can be made.
What is the Limiting Reactant?
On the electromagnetic spectrum, this specific type of radiation has the longest wavelength and the lowest frequency.
What are Radio Waves?
This is the force required to accelerate a 5kg object at a rate of 2 m/s2
What is 10 Newtons?
This type of plate boundary occurs when two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally, often causing earthquakes.
What is a Transform Boundary?
These are physical or behavioral traits that increase an organism's fitness in its specific environment.
What are Adaptations?
The reactant that is leftover in a reaction.
What is the Excess Reactant?
This term refers to the distance between two consecutive crests or two consecutive troughs of a wave.
What is Wavelength?
Newton’s Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite this.
What is Reaction?
This thick, rigid outer layer of the cell is found in plants and bacteria, but not in animal cells.
What is the Cell Wall?
Structures in different species that are similar because of common ancestry, such as the bones in a whale's flipper and a human's arm.
What are Homologous Structures?
To calculate this, you divide the actual yield by the theoretical yield and multiply by 100.
What is Percent Yield?
Unlike sound waves, light waves are categorized as this type of wave because the medium vibrates perpendicular to the direction of travel.
What is a Transverse Wave?
This type of diagram uses arrows to show the magnitude and direction of all forces acting upon an object.
What is a Free Body Diagram?
This type of plate boundary occurs when two tectonic plates hit each other and form a mountain.
What is a convergent boundary?
This type of evolution occurs when two unrelated species evolve similar traits because they live in similar environments (e.g., sharks and dolphins).
What is Convergent Evolution?
In the reaction 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O, this is the number of moles of water produced if you start with 5 moles of oxygen and excess hydrogen.
What is 10 moles?
This phenomenon occurs when a wave changes direction (bends) as it passes from one medium to another, such as light entering water.
What is Refraction?
If an object is moving at a constant velocity, the "Net Force" acting on that object must be this value.
What is Zero?
This organelle is responsible for packaging and distributing proteins; it's often compared to a post office.
What is the Golgi Apparatus/Body?