Solid
What is a solid?
State of matter
with fixed shape
and volume.
What is a liquid?
State of matter
with fixed volume
but no fixed shape.
What is a gas?
State of matter
with no fixed
shape or volume.
What is freezing in
scientific terms?
Process where a
liquid turns into a
solid.
What is melting in
scientific terms?
Process where a
solid turns into a
liquid.
What is
condensation in
scientific terms?
Process where gas
turns into a liquid.
How do particles
in a solid behave?
Particles are
tightly packed,
vibrating in place.
How do particles
in a liquid behave?
Particles are close
but can move
around each
other.
How do particles
in a gas behave?
Particles move
freely and are far
apart.
At what
temperature does
water freeze?
0°C or 32°F.
At what temperature
does ice melt?
0°C or 32°F.
How does
temperature affect
condensation?
Cooler
temperatures
typically increase
condensation.
Give an example
of a solid turning
into a liquid.
Melting ice to
water.
Give an example of
a liquid turning
into a gas.
Boiling water to
steam.
Give an example of
a gas turning into
a liquid.
Dew forming from
water vapor.
What happens to the energy of water molecules during freezing? Does it increase or decrease?
Energy decreases as molecules slow down.
What happens to the energy of water molecules during melting? Does it increase or decrease?
Energy increases as molecules speed up.
What role does air temperature play in condensation?
Lower air temperatures can enhance condensation.
Describe the structure of ice.
Ices is a solid with a rigid structure.
Describe the behavior of water molecules at boiling point.
Molecules move rapidly and escape into the air as gas
Describe what happens to steam when it cools.
Steam condenses into liquid water droplets.
A man places a rock, a glass of water, and a toothpick outside. The temperature is 15 degrees Celsius. Describe what will happen to the objects overnight.
The rock and the toothpick will remain unchanged, and the water will turn from a liquid to a solid.
A man places a rock, a glass of ice, and a toothpick outside. The temperature is 70 degrees Celsius. Describe what will happen to the objects overnight.
The rock and the toothpick will remain unchanged, and a ice in the glass will change from a solid to a liquid.
How does condensation contribute to the water cycle?
Condensation forms clouds, leading to precipitation.
What is the difference between a solid and a liquid?
A solid maintains a fixed shape and volume due to tightly packed molecules, whereas a liquid has a fixed volume but can change shape to fit its container
What is the difference between a liquid and a gas?
A liquid has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container, while a gas expands to fill its container completely, having neither fixed shape nor volume
What is the difference between a gas and a solid?
A solid has a definite shape and volume with closely packed molecules, while a gas has neither a fixed volume nor shape, and its molecules are widely spaced and move freely.
What is freezing in terms of molecular behavior?
Freezing occurs when the molecules of a liquid slow down enough to form a solid, typically arranging into a crystalline structure.
What is melting in terms of molecular behavior?
Melting occurs when added heat causes the molecules in a solid to gain enough energy to overcome their rigid structure and move freely, forming a liquid
What conditions are necessary for dew to form?
Cool temperatures and a surface cooler than the air to condense moisture