Newborn Basics
What is the most common cause of heat loss in newborns
Evaporation
What fine moto skill emerges around 9 months and signals readiness for finger foods
pincer grasp
What neural tube defect is identified by a tuft of hair on the lower back
Spina bifida
What does expiratory grunting in infants indicate
Respiratory failure
What is the normal caloric value of breastmilk
20 kcal
What two fetal shunts should close at birth
ductus arteriosus & foramen ovale
Which Erikson stage corresponds with infancy
trust vs. mistrust
What condition involves a lack of connection between the esophagus and stomach
Esophageal Atresia
What is the priority treatment for respiratory distress syndrome
Suction, then oxygen
At what age should solid foods begin
6 months
What reflex causes a baby to fan their toes when the sole is stroked
Babinski
When does an infant begin walking independently
12 months
What cardiac defect causes upper and lower extremity oxygenation differences
Coarctation of the aorta
What does intercostal and subcostal retractions indicate in an infant
respiratory distress
What is colostrum and why is it important
early, nutrient-rich milk produced after birth
What is the most critical first action when a newborn has difficulty breathing after C-section
Suction
What is the expected weight pattern by 6 months and 12 months of age
doubles by 6 months, triples by 12 months
What two abdominal wall defects require moist sterile dressings at birth
Omphalocele and gastroschisis
What is the gold standard for diagnosis congenital heart defects
echocardiogram
What mineral is lacking in breastmilk compared to formula
iron
What does a pink-tinged diaper indicate in female newborns
maternal estrogen withdrawal
What month does a baby develop object permanence
10 months
Neonatal abstinence syndrome
RSV
What is the rule of 5s for storing breastmilk
5 hours in room temp, 5 days in fridge, 5 months in freezer