4.1: Atoms & Elements
Smallest particle of an element
Atom
Bond where electrons are transferred?
Ionic bond
The way a mineral reflects light from its surface is called ______
Luster
The way light reflects from a mineral’s surface (metallic / nonmetallic)
Luster
Which element’s symbol is Fe?
Iron
Negatively charged particle outside the nucleus
Electron
Bond where electrons are shared?
Covalent bond
The colored mark left behind when a mineral is rubbed on unglazed porcelain is called its ______
Streak
Property of glowing under ultraviolet light
Fluorescence
What is the only country that is also a continent?
Australia
What makes up 46% of Earth’s crust?
Oxygen
Atoms arranged in a repeating pattern form a _____.
Crystal
What scale is used to compare mineral hardness?
Mohs hardness scale
A natural, inorganic, crystalline solid with a definite chemical composition
Mineral
What is Ms. Duvall’s college major?
Mathematics
Elements along the staircase on the periodic table are called what?
Metalloids
Name one way minerals form
Evaporation, Cooling of magma/lava, or Alteration/Weathering
What mineral has a hardness of 3 on the Mohs scale and can be scratched by a copper penny?
Calcite
The repeating pattern of atoms in a solid mineral that gives it shape
Crystal structure
What is the largest desert in the world?
Sahara
What’s the difference between atomic number and atomic mass?
Atomic number = number of protons.
Atomic mass = total number of protons + neutrons.
Why are diamond and graphite different even though both are carbon?
Different crystal structures
Name one unusual property some minerals may have that helps identify them.
Examples: Magnetism, Chemical reactivity (fizzing with acid), Taste (salty halite), or Smell (rotten egg pyrite)
This type of bond forms when electrons are free to move between many atoms, giving metals their conductivity.
Metallic bond
What is the only U.S. state with a one-syllable name?
Maine