Triumph of Industries
What was one consequence of legislation, such as the National Banking Act, Homestead Act, Pacific Railway Act, passed by Congress during the Civil War years?
A. Economic decline in the South
B. Increased trade with Latin America
C. Delay in completion of the transcontinental railroad
D. Post-war economic growth of the Northeast and West
D. Post-war economic growth of the Northeast and West
Which pair of African-American inventors received patents for inventions that improve steam-driven transportation?
A. Elijah McCoy and Granville Woods.
B. Madame Walker and Sarah Goode.
C. John Albert Burn and Jan Matzeliger.
D. Lewis Latimer and Garrett Morgan.
A. Elijah McCoy and Granville Woods
What was one of the grievances of the industrial workers in the late 1800s?
A. high tariffs
B. child labor
C. silver coinage
D. overseas competition
B. child labor
What was a consequence of the rapid growth of cities in the late 1800s?
A. the decline of political machines in the Midwest.
B. the migration of poor workers to the suburbs.
C. a decrease in the gap between rich and poor.
D. the rapid growth of tenements and ghettos.
B. the migration of poor workers to the suburbs
Which group most favored the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882?
A. imperialists in Congress.
B. nativists on the West Coast.
C. progressives from the Midwest.
D. anarchists who immigrated from Europe.
B. nativists on the West Coast
How did the introduction of the Bessemer process affect the American economy?
A. Manufacturers could produce cheaper and better steel.
B. Suppliers could now communicate instantly over long distances.
C. Industrial workers successfully obtained shorter hours and other benefits.
D. Entrepreneurs like John D. Rockefeller could refine petroleum more cheaply.
A. Manufacturers could produce cheaper and better steel.
Which invention identifies an accomplishment of Thomas Edison and his team of researchers at Menlo Park, New Jersey?
A. the first telephone.
B. the first steam engine.
C. the first practical light bulb.
D. the first internal combustion engine.
C. The first practical light bulb
What was an important consequence of the Haymarket Riot?
A. decline of the Knights of Labor.
B. rally of public opinion in favor of workers.
C. victory of workers in the Homestead Strike.
D. break up the American Federation of Labor.
A. decline of the Knights of Labor
Which useful function was served by the political machines of the late 1800s?
A. They prevented corruption in the local government.
B. They helped provide a supply of cheap and skilled labor for industry.
C. They served as role models for future city governments by acting as city managers.
D. They assisted in the social assimilation of immigrants into the community.
D. They assisted in the social assimilation of immigrants into the community.
The description below was written by Theodore Roosevelt in 1879 when he was the Police Commissioner of New York City.
The organization of a party in our city is really much like that of an army. There is one great central boss, assisted by some trusted and able lieutenants; these communicate with the different district bosses, whom the alternately bully and assist. The district boss in turn has a number of half-subordinates, half-allies, under him; these latter choose the captains of the election districts . . .
Which type of association does Roosevelt describe in this passage?
A. political machine
B. church congregation
C. military organization
D. special interest group
A. political machine
How did the development of large-scale steel production by Andrew Carnegie and other entrepreneurs impact the United States?
A. It made possible the spread of railroad tracks and the construction of larger bridges and buildings.
B. It promoted greater equality between men and women in the workplace.
C. It reduced the length of the average workday for industrial workers.
D. It reduced the nation's earlier demand for iron ore.
A. It made possible the spread of railroad tracks and the construction of larger bridges and buildings.
In 1885, Sarah Goode became one of the first African-American women ever to receive a U.S patent when she received a patent for her fold-away bed. What did her achievement demonstrate?
A. Despite the obstacles they faced, African-American women made contribution to the Second Industrial Revolution.
B. In the nineteenth century, women paid more attention to living conditions than men did.
C. At the time, married women were unable to claim ownership of their own inventions.
D. In the 1880s, there was only limited interest in making household goods.
C. At the time, married women were unable to claim ownership of their own inventions.
Why did government leaders generally sympathize with business owners against labor in the late 19th century?
A. Government leaders received money from business and also believed in laissez-fair.
B. Anarchists intended to blow up Andrew Carnegie's steelworks near Pittsburgh.
C. Andrew Carnegie and Henry Frick wanted to break up the power of the steelworkers' union.
D. Steelworkers left their jobs to enlist as soldiers when a future war with Spain became likely.
A. Government leaders received money from business and also believed in laissez-fair.
Why were immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe in the late 19th century welcomed by industrialists?
A. The immigrants found it difficult to learn English and assimilate.
B. The immigrants voted for candidates from the local political machine.
C. The immigrants were willing to work for lower wages than most other workers.
D. The immigrants lived in ghettos with other people from the same background.
B. The immigrants voted for candidates from the local political machine.
What was the primary purpose of the facility on Ellis Island in 1904?
A. processing permanent residents applying for U.S citizenship.
B. processing highly skilled workers arriving from China and Japan.
C. processing first-class passengers arriving on European steamship lines.
D. processing immigrants who mainly came from Southern and Eastern Europe.
D. processing immigrants who mainly came from Southern and Eastern Europe
What was the significance of the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act (1887) and the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) >
A. They encouraged Big Business to grow by passing protective tariffs
B. They prevented poor quality goods from being shipped across state lines
C. They were both used to break up labor unions that interfered with free enterprise
D. They established the principle that Congress could regulate business in certain circumstances.
D. They established the principle that Congress could regulate business in certain circumstances.
Which business practice led to the passage of the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) ?
A. Some businesses established monopolies over their industries.
B. Railroads unfairly charged more for ''short hauls'' than for ''long hauls''.
C. A large number of business owners refused to let their workers join labor unions.
D. Corporations were generally able to raise more capital than individual entrepreneurs.
A. Some businesses established monopolies over their industries.
How were the Homestead and Pullman Strikes similar?
A. Both were ended by federal court injunctions.
B. Both were led by union organizer Eugene V. Debs.
C. Both ended in important defeats for organized labor
D. Both involved armed confrontations between workers and Pinkertons.
C. Both ended in important defeats for organized labor.
How did the experiences of Chinese immigrants differ from those of the ''New Immigrants'' from Southern and Eastern Europe?
A. They often took the least desirable and lowest paying jobs.
B. They frequently faced prejudice and discrimination from nativists
C. They were unable to use all of the same skilled that they possessed at home.
D. They could not own property, testify in some state courts, or become citizens.
B. They frequently faced prejudice and discrimination from nativists.
Based on Jacob Rii's historical documentation of New York City tenement life in the late 1800s, which statement would he most likely agree with regarding the effects of the Second Industrial Revolution?
A. During the Second Industrial Revolution, most people still worked from home.
B. Although living spaces were crowded, people were better off in cities than on farms.
C. Rapid urbanization during the Second Industrial Revolution often led to inhuman conditions
D. Political machines did a good job in assimilating migrants from the countryside and overseas to demand of city life.
C. Rapid urbanization during the Second Industrial Revolution often led to inhuman conditions.
What would a comparison of the First and Second Industrial Revolutions show?
A. The First depended on new inventions but the Second did not
B. Both the First and Second relied almost entirely on water power
C. Both relied on telecommunications to send messages over long distances
D. Both saw improvements in transportation although a truly national market only emerged in the Second.
D. Both saw improvements in transportation although a truly national market only emerged in the Second.
What goal motivated Henry Flagler to build the Florida East Coast Railway?
A. to encourage the U.S government to build a canal in Panama
B. to bring tourists to the luxury hotels he had built a long the Florida coastline.
C. to build a ''dream town'' with money he had made from his partnership with John D. Rockefeller
D. to create a refuge for people immigrating to the United States from Latin America
B. to bring tourists to the luxury hotels he had built a long the Florida coastline.
What was an important way in which the Knights of Labor differed from the American Federation of Labor?
A. It represented skilled workers in negotiations.
B. It was open to women and African Americans
C. It tried to recruit new members to increase its influence.
D. It wanted to increasers workers' wages and limit working hours.
B. It was open to women and African Americans.
How did many nativists feel about the rapid influx of immigrants between 1800 and 1900?
A. They worried that the costs of urban housing would go down.
B. They feared that the immigrants might take their jobs for lower wages
C. They hoped that the growth of the city would bring more concerts and public parks.
D. They welcomed the arrival of diverse peoples with different foods and traditions.
B. They feared that the immigrants might take their jobs for lower wages.
The statement below was made by a 19th-century immigrant to the United States.
My family was lucky. We survived the pogrom in our village in Russia. The Tsarist government acted in support of these anti-Jewish attacks. We had a cousin in Chicago who sent us enough money to pay for our passage by steamship to America.
Based on this statement, why did her family immigrate to the United States?
A. Religious persecution pushed them out of Russia
B. A drought in western Russia pushed them out of Russia.
C. The discovery of gold in the Black Hills pulled them towards the United States.
D. The promise of jobs in the oil industry in Chicago pulled them towards the United States.
A. Religious persecution pushed them out of Russia.