Red Blood Cells
The following statements about erythrocytes are true except:
a. are biconcave disks
b. transport most of the oxygen in the blood
c. transport most of the carbon dioxide in the blood
d. are the most numerous formed elements
c. transport most of the carbon dioxide in the blood
White blood cells leave circulation and enter tissues by this process:
a. chemotaxis
b. diapedesis
c. hemostasis
d. fibrinolysis
b. diapedesis
Excessive bleeding from a torn vessel that is not stopped can result in a positive feedback loop, consisting of ever decreasing blood volume and blood pressure and results in death.
True/False
True
For the ABO blood group, the antigens are found ______ , and the antibodies are found ______:
a. on erythrocytes, on leukocytes
b. on erythrocytes, in plasma
c. on leukocytes, in plasma
d. in plasma, on erythrocytes
e. in plasma, on leukocytes
b. on erythrocytes, in plasma
This is the average blood volume for an adult:
a. 45 liters
b. 450 ml
c. 5 gallons
d. 5 liters
d. 5 liters
Each hemoglobin molecule can become associated with this many oxygen molecules:
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. four
e. unlimited
d. four
These cells are phagocytic, have a tri-lobed nucleus, and make up the largest percentage of leukocytes:
a. basophils
b. eosinophils
c. lymphocytes
d. monocytes
e. neutrophils
e. neutrophils
Given these processes in platelet plug formation:
1. platelet adhesion
2. platelet aggregation
3. platelet release reaction
Choose the arrangement that lists the processes in the correct order after a blood vessel is damaged.
a. 1, 2, 3 c. 3, 1, 2
b. 1, 3, 2 d. 3, 2, 1
b. 1, 3, 2
This statement is true concerning a person with type O+ blood:
a. make anti-Rh antibodies if exposed to the Rh antigen
b. have neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies in his plasma
c. have Rh but not A or B antigens on his RBCs
d. can receive type A+, B+, or AB+ in a transfusion if necessary
c. have Rh but not A or B antigens on his RBCs
Blood helps maintain homeostasis by all of these mechanisms except:
a. regulates pH
b. transports nutrients and gases
c. eliminates waste products
d. clot formation
e. protects against foreign substances
c. eliminates waste products
Low blood oxygen levels increase the formation of erythropoietin by the kidneys which stimulates red blood cell production.
True/False
True
Given the following:
1. Monocytes
2. Lymphocytes
3. Neutrophils
4. Basophils
5. Eosinophils
This is the correct order of leukocytes from most common to least common:
a. 5,4,3,2,1 c. 1,2,3,4,5
b. 3,4,5,1,2 d. 3,2,1,5,4
d. 3,2,1,5,4
This chemical is involved in the breakdown of a clot (fibrinolysis):
a. antithrombin
b. fibrinogen
c. heparin
d. plasmin
e. sodium citrate
d. plasmin
Agglutination, which occurs during transfusion reactions, is caused by binding between these:
a. hemoglobin and the kidney tubule cells
b. clotting proteins and the enzymes that activate them
c. RBC membrane antigens and plasma antibodies
d. platelets and endothelial cells
c. RBC membrane antigens and plasma antibodies
Albumin, globulins, and fibrinogen are examples of this:
a. formed elements
b. platelets
c. plasma proteins
d. granulocytes
e. agranulocytes
c. plasma proteins
Jaundice is a yellowish staining of the skin caused by a buildup of this substance in the circulation and interstitial spaces:
a. lymphocytes
b. nitric oxide
c. albumin
d. bilirubin
e. histamine
d. bilirubin
This statement about monocytes is true:
a. are the smallest white blood cells
b. increase in number during chronic infections
c. give rise to neutrophils
d. produce antibodies
b. increase in number during chronic infections
This statement about the extrinsic clotting pathway is true:
a. begins with the release of thromboplastin (tissue factor)
b. leads to the production of prothrombinase
c. requires Ca2+
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
This statement is true for an individual with anti-A antibodies in the plasma:
a. the individual is blood type A
b. the individual is blood type B
c. the individual is blood type AB
d. the individual can be either blood type B or AB
b. the individual is blood type B
Cells in the red bone marrow that give rise to all the formed elements of the blood are called this:
a. monoblasts
b. myeloblasts
c. megakaryoblasts
d. proerythroblasts
e. hemocytoblasts (stem cells)
e. hemocytoblasts (stem cells)
If you live near sea level and are training for a track meet in Denver (5280 ft elevation), you would want to spend a few weeks before the meet training here:
a. sea level
b. an altitude similar to Denver’s
c. a facility with a hyperbaric chamber
d. any location—it doesn't matter
b. an altitude similar to Denver’s
This statement best describes the function of B cells:
a. releases heparin to inhibit clotting
b. destroy tumor cells
c.
This statement best describes the function of B cells:
a. releases heparin to inhibit clotting
b. destroy tumor cells
c. produce antibodies
d. reduce inflammatory response
e. phagocytize bacteria
produce antibodies
d. reduce inflammatory response
e. phagocytize bacteria
c. produce antibodies
For someone having blockage of a coronary artery by a blood clot, this chemical is the most effective to inject:
a. histamine
b. thrombin
c. thromboxane
d. t-PA
e. prostaglandins
d. t-PA
This best describes the purpose of giving Rh-negative mothers RhoGAM injections:
a. initiate the synthesis of anti-Rh antibodies in the mother
b. initiate anti-Rh antibody production in the baby
c. prevent the mother from producing anti-Rh antibodies
d. prevent the baby from producing anti-Rh antibodies
c. prevent the mother from producing anti-Rh antibodies
Given these chemicals:
1. activated factor XII
2. fibrinogen
3. prothrombinase
4. thrombin
Choose the arrangement that lists the chemicals in the order they are used during clot formation.
a. 1, 3, 4, 2 c. 3, 1, 2, 4
b. 2, 3, 4, 1 d. 3, 2, 1, 4
a. 1, 3, 4, 2