Marine Ecosystems
50% of marine productivity is in coastal regions above this.
What is the continental shelf?
These are the animals which primarily eat the primary producer in the oceans
What is zooplankton?
This percentage of fishery activity is in freshwater.
What is 10%?
China produces 62% of all farmed fish worldwide, these two species being the most prevalent.
What are carp and catfish?
This waste is substituted for fishmeal in aquaculture.
What is livestock or poultry processing waste?
These are two food sources for organisms in deep oceans where light does not penetrate.
What are chemotrophs and dead organic matter?
These bring nutrient-rich water up to coastal areas.
What are upwellings?
These three types of shellfish are a part of fisheries.
What are oysters, mussels and molluscs?
The Philippines have lost 2/3 of this type of wetlands in the last 40 years as they have been replaced by fish farms.
What are mangroves?
China grows fish as a part of these farms to provide fertilizer for the plants.
What are rice paddies?
These are six different types of marine ecosystems.
What are oceans or seas, mangroves, estuaries, lagoons, coral reefs and the deep ocean floor?
The biodiversity of marine ecosystems give them these two qualities as a buffer against change.
What are high stability and resilience?
According to the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), it is estimated that this percentage of fisheries are fully exploited, in decline, seriously depleted or too low to allow recovery (under drastic limits to allow a recovery).
What is 70%?
These two types of aquatically farmed organisms are carnivores and fed with fishmeal and fish oil produced from wild fish.
What are shrimp and salmon?
What type of fish near Peru were fished almost into extinction?
What are anchovies?
These single-celled organisms are the most important producer in the oceans, producing 99% of primary productivity.
What are phytoplankton?
These are two classifications of marine organisms.
What are benthic and pelagic?
This type of fishing drags hug nets over the seabed, virtually clearcutting it.
What is trawling?
These are three types of pollution produced by fish farms other than feces.
What are feed, antifouling agents and antibiotics or other medicines?
This organization based in the UK publishes a list of species which one should not eat, based on the threat to their population numbers from overfishing or poor fishing techniques which contribute to the degradation of the marine environment.
What is the Marine Conservation Society?
UNCLOS stands for this.
What is the UN Convention on the Laws of the Sea?
This depth, where a continental shelf stops and the sea bed slopes more steeply, is remarkably constant.
What is 150 meters?
These are three types of technologically modern equipment used by commercial fishing companies.
What are satellite technology, GPS navigation and fish finding scanning technology of military quality?
Escaped species from fish farms can create these two problems in the environment.
What are GMO fish which may survive to interbreed with wild fish and what is outcompete native species, causing that species to crash?
This measure of a harvest of fish requires less effort than a maximum sustainable yield and maximizes the difference between total revenue and total cost.
What is Optimal Sustainable Yield?