Organ Matching
What blood test is used to determine tissue compatibility between donor and recipient?
What is HLA typing?
Diana Jones was diagnosed with this condition in Unit 4.2.
What is End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)?
This minimally invasive surgery uses small incisions and cameras.
What is laparoscopy?
These proteins bind specifically to antigens.
What are antibodies?
This 1984 law established the OPTN and national transplant system.
What is the National Organ Transplant Act (NOTA)?
A donor and recipient test negative on this compatibility test before transplant.
What is a crossmatch test?
This organization manages organ allocation in the United States.
What is OPTN (Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network)?
This instrument is inserted into the abdomen to visualize organs during surgery.
What is a laparoscope?
A substance that triggers an immune response is called this.
What is an antigen?
True or False: Wealth alone determines who receives an organ transplant first.
What is false?
The lower this value is, the less likely a patient is to reject a transplant.
What is PRA (Panel Reactive Antibody)?
The four major factors used to allocate kidneys include blood type, HLA type, PRA, and this.
What is crossmatch compatibility?
A sharp-pointed instrument fitted with a tube used during laparoscopic surgery.
What is a trocar?
These molecules help the immune system distinguish self from non-self.
What are Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA)?
One ethical issue in organ transplantation is the shortage of these.
What are donor organs?
A complete sibling match for all 6 HLA antigens occurs about this often.
What is 25%?
Living donors can donate this organ and still survive normally.
What is a kidney?
The surgical removal of a kidney is called this.
What is a nephrectomy?
This complex of genes encodes proteins important for transplant rejection.
What is the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)?
This type of donor gives an organ while still alive.
What is a living donor?
A group of HLA genes inherited together from one parent is called this.
What is a haplotype?
A GFR below this number indicates End Stage Renal Disease.
What is less than 15?
This medical procedure artificially suppresses nervous system activity during surgery.
What is anesthesia?
This occurs when the immune system attacks a transplanted organ.
What is transplant rejection?
Doctors must balance fairness, urgency, and compatibility when doing this.
What is organ allocation?