Text Structures
All matter, all things can be changed in two ways: chemically and physically. Both chemical and physical changes affect the state of matter. Physical changes are those that do not change the make-up or identity of the matter. For example, clay will bend or flatten if squeezed, but it will still be clay. Changing the shape of clay is a physical change, and does not change the matter’s identity. Chemical changes turn the matter into a new kind of matter with different properties. For example, when paper is burnt, it becomes ash and will never be paper again. The difference between them is that physical changes are temporary or only last for a little while, and chemical changes are permanent, which means they last forever. Physical and chemical changes both affect the state of matter.
Compare/Contrast
What is the complete subject?
We often watch cartoons on television.
We
What is the complete predicate?
Garrett, Amy, and Eliza walked their dogs yesterday.
walked their dogs yesterday
Combine these sentences into a compound sentence with a comma and conjunction:
We were tired. We decided to talk tomorrow.
We were tired, so we decided to talk tomorrow.
Find and correct the error:
Millie looks nice today because shes wearing my blue sweater.
she's
Robert James Fischer was born in Chicago but unlocked the secrets of chess in a Brooklyn apartment right above a candy store. At the age of six he taught himself to play by following the instruction booklet that came with his chess board. After spending much of his childhood in chess clubs, Fischer said that, “One day, I just got good.” That may be a bit of an understatement. At the age of 13 he won the U.S. Junior Chess Championship, becoming the youngest Junior Champion ever. At the age of 14 he won the U.S. Championship and became the youngest U.S. Champion in history. Fischer would go on to become the World Champion of chess, but he would also grow to become his own worst enemy. Instead of defending the title, he forfeited it to the next challenger without even making a move, and the rise of a chess superstar ended with a fizzle.
Chronological
What is the complete subject?
The gentle giant in the yellow hat climbed down from the tree
The gentle giant in the yellow hat
What is the complete subject?
The chocolate cake tasted very good.
tasted very good
Combine these sentences into a compound sentence with a semicolon:
It was raining hard. The game was cancelled.
It was raining hard; the game was cancelled.
Find and correct the error:
The poem was published by the monthly University Press magazine it was the poet's first appearance.
magazine. It
Dr. Miller doesn’t want the tigers to vanish. These majestic beasts are disappearing at an alarming rate. Dr. Miller thinks that we should write to our congress people. If we let them know that we demand the preservation of this species, maybe we can make a difference. Dr. Miller also thinks that we should donate to Save the Tigers. Our donations will help to support and empower those who are fighting the hardest to preserve the tigers. We owe it to our grandchildren to do something.
Problem/Solution
What is the complete subject?
The blue and white hat belonged to my aunt.
The blue and white hat
What is the complete subject?
Brandon and Jeff, who are both in my class, are twins.
are twins
Combine these sentences into a complex sentence using a subordinating conjunction:
The package arrived late. The shipment had been delayed.
The package arrived late because the shipment had been delayed.
Find and correct the error:
Georgina will sail to tahiti on Sunday as long as the weather stays fair.
Tahiti
Many people are confused about why our economy went to shambles in 2008. The crisis was actually the result of a combination of many complex factors. First, easy credit conditions allowed people who were high-risk or unworthy of credit to borrow, and even people who had no income were eligible for large loans. Second, banks would bundle these toxic loans and sell them as packages on the financial market. Third, large insurance firms backed these packages, misrepresenting these high-risk loans as safe investments. Fourth, because of the ease of acquiring credit and the rapid growth in the housing market, people were buying two or three houses, intending to sell them for more than they paid. All of these factors created bubbles of speculation. These bubbles burst, sending the whole market into a downward spiral, causing employers to lose capital and lay off employees. Consumer spending then plummeted and most businesses suffered. The economy is like a big boat, and once it gets moving quickly in the wrong direction, it’s hard to turn it around.
cause/effect
What is the complete subject?
Not surprisingly, the historic building is now a museum.
the historic building
What is the complete subject?
My sister's friend Charles works at the mall.
works at the mall
Combine these sentences into a complex sentence using a subordinating conjunction:
I woke up early. I saw the sun rise.
Since I woke up early, I saw the sun rise.
Find and correct the error:
Chad was mad that the group stole his ideas and past them off as their own.
passed
There are many theories about why the dinosaurs vanished from the planet. One theory that many people believe is that a gigantic meteorite smashed into the Earth. Scientists believe that the meteorite was very big and that the impact may have produced a large dust cloud that covered the Earth for many years. The dust cloud may have caused plants to not receive sunlight and the large plant eaters, or herbivores, may have died off, followed by the large meat eaters, or carnivores. This theory may or may not be true, but it is one explanation as to why these giant reptiles no longer inhabit the Earth.
cause/effect
What is the complete subject?
Yesterday Mathilde and Erica decided to buy tickets to the concert.
Mathilde and Erica
What is the complete subject?
Before breakfast, my nephew and I put together the racetrack.
before breakfast put together the racetrack
My sister was late for school. She missed a test in her first period.
My sister was late for school; therefore, she missed a test in her first period.
Find and correct the error:
We are in need of several common household items to help us prepare for the pageant clothespins, laundry soap, and yarn of all colors.
pageant: clothespins