Skin Layers
What is the outermost layer of the skin?
Epidermis
What is the skin’s main role in homeostasis?
Regulating body temperature
What protein makes hair and nails tough?
Keratin
What skin condition is caused by clogged hair follicles and oil?
Acne
What pigment gives skin its color?
Melanin
Which layer of skin contains blood vessels and nerves?
Dermis
How does the skin help protect against pathogens?
Acts as a physical barrier
What gland produces sweat?
Sudoriferous gland
What is the medical term for a fungal infection of the skin?
Tinea
Which cells produce melanin?
Melanocytes
Which layer of skin contains blood vessels and nerves?
Stratum basale
What vitamin is synthesized in the skin when exposed to sunlight?
Vitamin D
What type of gland produces oil on the skin?
Sebaceous gland
Which skin disease involves red, scaly patches and is autoimmune?
Psoriasis
What epidermal cells are responsible for immune response?
Langerhans cells
What layer lies below the dermis and stores fat?
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
What type of receptors in the skin detect pressure?
Mechanoreceptors
What part of the hair anchors it to the skin?
Hair follicle
What type of burn affects both the epidermis and dermis?
Second-degree burn
What is the main cell type in the epidermis?
Keratinocytes
Which skin layer is primarily responsible for cell regeneration?
Stratum basale
Name two waste products excreted through the skin.
Urea and salts (via sweat)
What is the function of arrector pili muscles?
Cause hair to stand up (goosebumps)
What dangerous type of skin cancer originates in melanocytes?
Melanoma
Which skin pigment gives a yellow-orange color from diet?
Carotene